Salivary Iodide Sensor Using Vanadium-Dependent Peroxidase

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for detecting iodine deficiency are not suitable for rapid, individual point-of-care testing, particularly in resource-limited settings, and existing assays are hindered by interference from other salivary halides when trying to quantify iodide in saliva.

Innovation Solution

A method and device utilizing a protein that specifically binds to iodide, such as vanadium-dependent iodoperoxidase, to detect iodide in saliva samples, allowing for qualitative assessment of iodine status through techniques like surface plasmon resonance, FRET, or gold nanoparticle aggregation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If oxidative-reductive capacity method is used to measure urinary iodine, then measurement can be performed in laboratory, but it is not conducive to rapid point of care testing

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveiodine measurementVSAvoidtesting speed

Core Design Contradiction:

Measurement precisionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the complex laboratory-based oxidative-reductive chemical measurement system with an optical detection system using surface plasmon resonance. This substitution enables rapid point-of-care testing by using optical fields instead of chemical reactions, achieving both speed and accuracy requirements.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the measurement parameter from urinary iodine to salivary iodide, and from chemical concentration measurement to optical property measurement (surface plasmon resonance). This parameter transformation enables rapid detection while maintaining measurement precision.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

2Measurement precision

If iodide binding moieties are used to quantitate iodide in saliva, then iodide detection is possible, but other salivary halides interfere with the assay

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveiodide concentrationVSAvoidhalide interference

Core Design Contradiction:

Measurement precisionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a specific iodide-binding protein as an intermediary between the salivary sample and the detection system. This protein selectively binds iodide while excluding other halides, thereby eliminating interference from chlorides and bromides present in saliva.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies local quality by using a binding protein with specific affinity for iodide at the binding site. The protein's binding pocket is structurally configured to accommodate only iodide ions, providing selective detection despite the presence of other halides in the sample.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #3Local quality

3Reliability

If standard laboratory testing is used for iodine deficiency, then standardized measurement is achieved, but complex equipment and infrastructure are required

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvetesting standardizationVSAvoidlaboratory equipment

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent creates a simplified copy of the laboratory testing function using surface plasmon resonance technology. This optical detection method replicates the standardized measurement capability in a compact format that does not require full laboratory infrastructure, enabling point-of-care testing with maintained reliability.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #26Copying

4Productivity

If rapid point of care testing is implemented, then timely detection is possible, but sensitivity and accuracy may be compromised

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvetesting speedVSAvoidiodine status detection

Core Design Contradiction:

ProductivityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces slow chemical reaction-based detection with rapid optical detection using surface plasmon resonance. This substitution maintains measurement precision while achieving rapid results suitable for point-of-care testing.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables on-site, cost-effective detection of iodine deficiency or overabundance, promoting timely supplementation in regions with endemic iodine deficiency without the need for complex laboratory equipment.

Implementation Method 1

a protein that specifically binds to iodide, but not other halides in saliva

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectSpecific binding:

Implementation Method 2

Detecting iodide binding to the IBP can include, for example, detecting surface plasmon resonance

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectSurface plasmon resonance:

Implementation Method 3

Detecting iodide binding to the IBP can include, for example, detecting surface plasmon resonance, FRET

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectFRET:

Implementation Method 4

Detecting iodide binding to the IBP can include, for example, detecting surface plasmon resonance, FRET, gold nanoparticle aggregation

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectNanoparticle aggregation:

Data Source

PatentUS8703439B1Point of care iodine sensor

Publication Date: 2014.04.22 OPTIMAL NUTRITION FOR HEALTH

AI summary

Methods and devices for use in detecting the iodine status of a subject are provided. The methods and devices utilize an iodide binding protein (IBP) to specifically bind to and facilitate detection of iodide in a saliva sample from a subject. The detected iodide can be used to detect the iodide status of the subject. In several examples, the IBP includes an iodide binding domain from a vanadium dependent iodoperoxidase (vIPO), including a catalytically inactive vIPO.