Sample Analyzer Multi-Dimensional Signal Classification
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current sample analyzers are limited in their ability to provide comprehensive analysis of body fluids, particularly in distinguishing and counting white blood cells, fungi, and bacteria, which is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
Innovation Solution
A sample analyzer with a configuration that includes a preparing unit, a detecting unit, and a processing unit, capable of analyzing body fluids by mixing samples with specific reagents to differentiate between anucleate and nucleated elements using optical signals, allowing for accurate classification and counting of various cellular components.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional sample analyzers are used to count white blood cells, erythroblasts, and bacteria, then basic counting function is achieved, but comprehensive analysis and accurate distinction between similar-sized particles is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a new dimension of analysis by measuring not only light intensity but also the temporal characteristics (pulse width and pulse area) of light signals. This multi-dimensional approach enables differentiation between particles of similar size by analyzing their unique temporal signal patterns, thereby improving measurement precision without compromising versatility
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the measurement parameters from simple light intensity to include temporal characteristics (pulse width and pulse area). By analyzing these additional parameters, the system can distinguish between different particle types more accurately, resolving the contradiction between measurement precision and comprehensive analysis capability
2Measurement precision
If red blood cells are present in body fluid samples, then sample analysis can proceed, but interference from red blood cells reduces counting accuracy of other cellular components
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by using different reagent treatments for different particle types. Specifically, erythrolytic reagents are applied selectively to lyse red blood cells while preserving other cellular components, thereby eliminating interference from red blood cells without affecting the integrity of white blood cells, fungi, or bacteria for accurate counting
Solution Approach 2:
The invention extracts and removes red blood cells from the sample through selective lysis using erythrolytic reagents. This separation technique removes the harmful interfering factor (red blood cells) while preserving the target particles for accurate analysis, thereby improving counting accuracy
3Adaptability or versatility
If multiple particle types are analyzed simultaneously, then comprehensive body fluid analysis is achieved, but accurate classification and counting of each particle type becomes more difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent resolves the classification difficulty by adding temporal dimension to the analysis. By measuring pulse width and pulse area in addition to light intensity, the system creates multi-dimensional parameter space that enables clear separation and classification of different particle types, making comprehensive body fluid analysis more manageable and accurate
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables precise classification and counting of red blood cells, white blood cells, fungi, and bacteria in body fluids, improving diagnostic accuracy by distinguishing between similar-sized particles and reducing interference from red blood cells.
Implementation Method 1
a laser beam is made to irradiate the measurement specimen, and scattered light and fluorescence light from the particles are received
Implementation Method 2
scattered light and fluorescence light from the particles are received
Data Source
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AI summary
Disclosed is a sample analyzer for analyzing a sample, including: a preparing unit that mixes a sample, a surfactant-containing diluent, and a nucleic acid staining reagent to prepare a measurement specimen in which nucleic acids of nucleated cells are stained and red blood cells are hemolyzed; a detecting unit that irradiates particles included in the measurement specimen with light to receive scattered light and fluorescence light emitted from the particles and output a detection signal; and a processing unit that counts white blood cells and fungi in the sample based on the detection signal.