Concentric Cylinder Sample Cell for 3-Plane Rheology and Scattering
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing sample measurement devices lack the capability to perform simultaneous imaging and enhanced rheological measurements in all three flow planes (1-3, 2-3, and 1-2 shear planes) due to inadequate instrumentation, particularly in the 1-2 shear flow plane, which is crucial for understanding the structure-property relationships of rheologically complex materials.
Innovation Solution
A novel sample cell design with a concentric cylinder and a right-angle gear drive, combined with a modified cell support assembly, allows for enhanced rheological measurements and simultaneous radiation scattering in all three flow planes by rotating the sample cell without contact and minimizing friction and leakage, using a specialized coating on inner surfaces and adjustable stages for precise alignment.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a conventional sample measurement device is used, then the device structure is simple, but it cannot perform simultaneous imaging and rheological measurements in all three flow planes
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple measurement capabilities (rheological measurements in 1-3, 2-3, and 1-2 shear planes and radiation scattering imaging) into a single integrated sample measurement device. The device merges the rheometer components with the scattering imaging system, allowing simultaneous multi-plane measurements that would otherwise require separate instruments.
Solution Approach 2:
The sample measurement device is designed with universal functionality to perform both rheological characterization and structural imaging across all three flow planes. The device can switch between different measurement modes (1-3 plane, 2-3 plane, and 1-2 plane rheology and scattering) without requiring separate specialized equipment for each function.
2Adaptability or versatility
If the sample cell is rotated for 1-2 shear plane measurements, then measurement capability in all three flow planes is achieved, but friction and sample leakage increase due to contact with cell surfaces
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces traditional mechanical contact-based rotation support with a magnetic bearing system. The magnetic bearing uses magnetic fields to levitate and support the rotating sample cell, eliminating physical contact between the cell and support surfaces. This substitution of mechanical support with a magnetic field-based system removes friction and prevents sample leakage while enabling rotation for 1-2 shear plane measurements.
3Measurement precision
If traditional contact-based rotation support is used, then the device structure is simple, but friction interferes with rheological measurements
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces traditional mechanical contact-based rotation support with a magnetic bearing system. The magnetic bearing uses magnetic fields to levitate and support the rotating sample cell, eliminating physical contact between the cell and support surfaces. This substitution of mechanical support with a magnetic field-based system removes friction and prevents sample leakage while enabling rotation for 1-2 shear plane measurements.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables accurate and sensitive rheological measurements and radiation scattering imaging in all three shear planes, providing a clearer understanding of structure-property relationships of complex materials, enhancing measurement capabilities from 2D to 3D with improved time resolution.
Implementation Method 1
The coating is a hydrophobic coating, such as, but not limited to silicone, a combination polytetrafluoroethylene/silicone lubricant, polytetrafluoroethylene, 'lotus-leaf' inspired superhydrophobic coatings, nanoparticle coatings, oleophilic polymers, such as polyethylene and polypropylene, rubbers, or oils and hydrocarbon greases.
Implementation Method 2
Rheologically complex materials, such as those with non-Newtonian flow characteristics, can change viscosity and strength upon the application of shear stress.
Implementation Method 3
a concentric cylinder Couette modified as a free-floating rotating 'bob'
Data Source
AI summary
Sample cell devices and support assemblies are disclosed herein. The sample cell includes a novel concentric cylinder and coating design with a right-angle gear drive that enables enhanced rheological measurements in the 1-2 shear plane. The sample call can be used with a support assembly that enables efficient switching between the 2-3, 1-3 shear plane and the 1-2 shear plane without having to remove the sample and allowing for simultaneous imaging with, e.g., SANS or SAXS. Methods for using the sample cell and support assemblies in a 4D-SANS or 4D-SAXS sample environment are also disclosed.