Sample Solution Concentration with SAP for Fold-Ratio Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for concentrating aqueous solutions containing high-molecular-weight molecules using super absorbent polymers struggle to control the concentration fold ratio, leading to inconsistencies in examination results.
Innovation Solution
A method involving injecting a sample solution into a cylinder with super absorbent polymer, absorbing water, adding a controlled amount of liquid, and using a piston with holes to extract the concentrated solution, ensuring a desired concentration fold ratio.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If a super absorbent polymer is used to concentrate an aqueous solution containing high-molecular-weight molecules, then water absorption capability is improved, but control over concentration fold ratio deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by controlling the water absorption characteristics of the super absorbent polymer through specific parameters: using particles with diameter of 0.3 mm or more, maintaining a water absorption amount of 100 g/g or more, and controlling the liquid-to-sample solution ratio to be 0.1 to 1 times. By adjusting these parameters, the patent achieves both effective water absorption and precise control over the concentration fold ratio, resolving the technical contradiction between absorption capability and concentration control.
2Productivity
If water is absorbed by super absorbent polymer to generate concentrate, then concentration efficiency is improved, but examination result consistency deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements feedback control by establishing a specific liquid addition amount (0.1 to 1 times the sample solution amount) based on the concentration requirements. This feedback mechanism ensures that the concentrate generated through water absorption maintains consistent concentration levels, thereby improving examination result consistency while preserving concentration efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses parameter changes to ensure reliability by controlling key parameters: particle diameter (0.3 mm or more), water absorption amount (100 g/g or more), and liquid addition ratio (0.1 to 1 times). These parameter specifications ensure that the concentration process produces consistent results across different examinations while maintaining high concentration efficiency.
3Measurement precision
If high concentration fold ratio is achieved, then detection sensitivity is improved, but examination accuracy deteriorates due to comparison failures
Solution Approach 1:
The patent resolves this contradiction by optimizing parameter combinations: using super absorbent polymer particles of 0.3 mm or more diameter with water absorption of 100 g/g or more, and controlling liquid addition to be 0.1 to 1 times the sample solution amount. This parameter optimization achieves adequate detection sensitivity through concentration while preventing comparison failures by maintaining reliable examination accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies feedback control to balance detection sensitivity and examination accuracy. By monitoring and controlling the liquid addition amount relative to the sample solution (0.1 to 1 times), the system ensures that concentration achieves sufficient detection sensitivity without exceeding the threshold that would cause comparison failures, thereby maintaining examination accuracy.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Achieves a sample solution concentrate with a controlled concentration fold ratio, enhancing examination accuracy by minimizing comparison failures.
Implementation Method 1
a water absorption step in which water contained in the sample solution injected into the cylinder is absorbed by the super absorbent polymer accommodated in the cylinder
Implementation Method 2
water contained in the sample solution injected into the cylinder is absorbed by the super absorbent polymer
Data Source
AI summary
There are provided a sample solution concentration method that makes it possible to obtain a sample solution concentrated solution having a desired concentration fold ratio and a sample solution examination method using the sample solution concentration method. The sample solution concentration method includes, in the following order, a sample solution injection step of injecting a sample solution, which is an aqueous solution containing a high-molecular-weight molecule, into a cylinder accommodating a particulate super absorbent polymer, a water absorption step in which water contained in the sample solution injected into the cylinder is absorbed by the super absorbent polymer accommodated in the cylinder to generate a sample solution concentrate which is a concentrate of the sample solution, in the cylinder, a liquid addition step of adding a liquid having an amount smaller than an amount of the sample solution injected into the cylinder in the sample solution injection step, to the sample solution concentrate, and a taking-out step of inserting, into the cylinder, a piston insertable into the cylinder, the piston including a tip part having holes smaller than a particle diameter of the super absorbent polymer after water absorption, to take out a sample solution concentrated solution, which is a concentrated solution of the sample solution, through the holes in the tip part of the piston.