Three-Way Sampling Junction for High-Resolution Analyte Measurement
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing sampling systems face challenges in achieving high precision and time resolution due to the need for sequential transportation and measurement, which results in either low precision with long measurement times or high time resolution with lower precision.
Innovation Solution
A sampling system with a three-way junction and controlled medium transport system that allows for parallel sample transport and measurement phases, including a primary phase for sample preparation, a secondary phase for measurement, and a tertiary phase for chamber reset, using a control system to manage flow through different channels.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of time
If a short measurement time is used to increase time resolution, then the time resolution is improved, but the measurement precision deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by performing sample preparation and transport in advance during the first time period, before the actual measurement begins. This allows the measurement itself to be completed quickly in the second time period while maintaining high precision, as the sample is already ready and positioned for immediate measurement without requiring lengthy preparation during the measurement window.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the measurement process into two distinct time periods: a first time period for sample preparation and transport, and a second time period for actual measurement. This segmentation allows each phase to be optimized independently - the preparation phase can take longer without affecting measurement precision, while the measurement phase can be kept short to achieve high time resolution.
2Measurement precision
If a long measurement time is used to increase measurement precision, then the measurement precision is improved, but the time resolution deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
By moving sample preparation and transport to a preliminary phase before measurement, the patent allows the measurement phase to maintain high precision without being constrained by time limitations. The sample is fully prepared and positioned in advance, enabling the measurement to proceed at optimal speed and precision settings without rushing.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent divides the overall process into distinct segments where the time-consuming preparation and transport operations are separated from the measurement operation. This segmentation eliminates the trade-off by allowing the measurement segment to be optimized for precision independently of the preparation segment's time requirements.
3Loss of time
If high flow rates are used to reduce transport time, then the time resolution is improved, but the sample volume requirement increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs sample accumulation and concentration in advance during the first time period before measurement. This preliminary accumulation allows the system to use lower flow rates during transport without compromising time resolution, as the sample is being concentrated into a smaller volume over time before the measurement phase begins.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs periodic accumulation of sample over time during the first time period, continuously concentrating the analyte before measurement. This periodic accumulation approach allows for reduced flow rates during transport while still achieving the necessary sample concentration and volume for accurate measurement.
Data Source
AI summary
A sampling system measures an analyte of interest present in a system of interest, wherein the analyte of interest is included in a medium, e.g., a fluid or another viscoelastic material. The sampling system includes a three-way junction, an inlet channel, an outlet channel, a measurement channel and a measurement chamber. A multiplexed sampling system includes two or more sampling systems. A method for measuring an analyte of interest present in a medium includes using the sample system.