Laminated Sandwich Insulation Shear Wall Tie Bolt System
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Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional laminated plate-type sandwich insulation shear walls face mutual destruction between external and internal walls due to differing stress requirements caused by temperature differences, as existing connectors are either over-stressed or insufficiently designed, leading to potential structural damage.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating tie bolts with specific components like cylinder head screws, glands, sleeves, and tie screw casings between the external and internal walls, along with a cast-in-place concrete layer and external wall connectors, to manage stress and facilitate deformation while preventing surface cracking.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If the external wall connector is configured according to the stress requirement of the tie bolts, then the connection strength between external wall and internal wall is improved, but the cost increases and the external wall connector cannot deform anymore causing mutual destruction
Solution Approach 1:
The connection system is divided into two separate components: external wall connectors for connecting external wall to internal wall, and tie bolts for connecting external wall to internal laminated wall board. This segmentation allows each component to be optimized for its specific function, with tie bolts handling high stress requirements and external wall connectors maintaining deformability for thermal expansion.
Solution Approach 2:
Different parts of the wall assembly use different connection mechanisms tailored to their specific needs. The tie bolts provide high-strength rigid connection where needed, while external wall connectors provide flexible connection allowing thermal deformation. This local differentiation resolves the contradiction between strength and deformability.
2Ease of manufacture
If the external wall connector is configured according to its own stress requirement, then the cost is reduced and deformability is maintained, but the connector will be broken during concrete pouring
Solution Approach 1:
The connection function is segmented between external wall connectors and tie bolts. External wall connectors are designed for low stress and high deformability, while tie bolts are designed for high stress and rigid connection. This segmentation allows external wall connectors to be manufactured at lower cost without compromising overall connection reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
Tie bolts act as intermediary elements that bear the high stress loads during concrete pouring and service life, protecting the external wall connectors from excessive stress. The tie bolts transfer and distribute the loads, allowing external wall connectors to maintain their simpler, more cost-effective design.
3Strength
If the external wall connector applies higher constraining force to the external wall, then the connection strength is improved, but the external wall and internal wall may be mutually destroyed by temperature difference
Solution Approach 1:
Different connection components provide different levels of constraining force based on local requirements. Tie bolts provide strong rigid constraint where structural integrity is critical, while external wall connectors provide minimal constraint allowing thermal expansion and contraction. This prevents thermal stress accumulation that would lead to wall destruction.
Solution Approach 2:
The external wall connectors are designed to be dynamically flexible, allowing movement and deformation in response to temperature changes. This dynamic behavior contrasts with the rigid tie bolts, creating a hybrid system that maintains strength while accommodating thermal effects, preventing mutual destruction of walls.
Data Source
AI summary
A laminated plate-type sandwich insulation shear wall with tie bolts, including a prefabricated external wall, a sandwich insulation layer, a cast-in-place concrete layer, a prefabricated internal laminated wall board, and an external wall connector. Several bolts disposed between the external wall and the internal laminated wall board. Each tie bolt consists of cylinder head screw, gland, sleeve, and tie screw casing. During installation, the sandwich insulation wall with the bolts are installed in place in a suspended manner and is temporarily fixed, the tying and connection of reinforcing steel bars is completed, a formwork is supported, concrete is poured, the cylinder head screw is removed after the cast-in-place concrete solidifies and the strength of the cast-in-place concrete increases, and the bolt hole is filled with foamed polyurethane. The sandwich insulation wall solves the problem of mutual destruction of the external and internal walls due to the indoor and outdoor temperatures.