SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine with Endosomal Targeting Sequences
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for addressing COVID-19 are inefficient and lack significant therapeutic success, particularly in severe cases, and there is a need for improved vaccine compositions that can render a therapeutic effect, reduce viral entry, and induce effective immunity.
Innovation Solution
The development of immune therapeutic compositions involving replication defective adenoviruses and recombinant yeast, which encode coronavirus 2 (CoV2) nucleocapsid and spike proteins optimized for cell surface expression, along with co-stimulatory molecules and immune stimulatory cytokines, to enhance immune response and stability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional treatment methods are used for severe COVID-19 cases, then patients receive supportive treatment to maintain respiration and prevent organ damage, but the mortality rate remains significant
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by administering vaccines before COVID-19 infection to induce protective immune responses. The vaccine compositions include nucleocapsid and spike proteins with endosomal targeting sequences that prime the immune system in advance, enabling the body to fight the virus more effectively upon exposure, thereby reducing mortality before severe disease develops
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses endosomal targeting sequences (ETSD) as intermediaries to facilitate antigen delivery to the endosomal pathway. This intermediary mechanism directs the nucleocapsid and spike proteins to specific cellular compartments where they can be processed and presented to immune cells, enhancing the efficiency of immune response induction
2Reliability
If vaccine compositions are developed to induce effective immunity, then immune response is enhanced, but the complexity of vaccine formulation increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by dividing the vaccine composition into distinct functional components: nucleocapsid protein with ETSD, spike protein with ETSD, and individual cytokines (IL-2, IL-12, IL-15). This modular segmentation allows each component to be optimized independently for its specific function while maintaining overall formulation manageability and manufacturing precision
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses composite materials by combining multiple immunogenic components (nucleocapsid and spike proteins) with adjuvant cytokines in a single vaccine formulation. This composite approach creates a synergistic effect where the proteins provide antigenic stimulation and the cytokines enhance immune cell activation and proliferation, achieving robust immunity through coordinated action of multiple elements
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed herein are methods for inducing immunity against a severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) in a patient in need thereof. The method comprises administering a vaccine composition comprising a self-adjuvanted SARS-CoV2 Spike (S) RNA-based vaccine (AAHI-SC2), followed by administering a replication defective adenovirus (hAd5) vaccine composition, wherein the adenovirus comprises an E1 gene region deletion and an E2b gene region deletion.