SAS Expander Firmware Update via UART Serial Interface
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Solution Overview
Problem
In cloud computing, cloud storage, and big data fields, updating firmware in SAS expanders or PCIE switches without interfering with data transmission is challenging, as existing methods require local updates or disconnecting external devices.
Innovation Solution
A firmware updating method using a universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (UART) that establishes serial communication between the baseboard manager controller (BMC) and the expander/switch, segmenting data into fragmented packets using protocols like Xmodem or Xmodem-1K, allowing for remote updates without hardware adjustments or data transmission disruption.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If firmware is updated using existing methods, then firmware can be updated, but data transmission is interrupted or external devices must be disconnected
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the firmware update process into two distinct channels: a first communication interface (SAS/PCIe) for data transmission and a second communication interface (UART/USB) for firmware updates. This segmentation allows both data transmission and firmware updates to occur simultaneously without interference, resolving the contradiction between maintaining data transmission continuity and enabling easy firmware updates.
2Ease of operation
If firmware update channel is added, then remote updates are enabled, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies multi-functionality by making the expander device serve dual purposes: it acts as both a data transmission device (SAS/PCIe) and a firmware update target (via UART/USB interfaces). The same expander hardware that manages storage devices also receives firmware updates through its built-in UART or USB interface, eliminating the need for separate dedicated update hardware and reducing overall system complexity.
Data Source
AI summary
A method to improve the updating of firmware in a firmware updating system, uses serially-sent data packets containing the update and data. The firmware updating system includes storage, including an expander/switch, a baseboard manager controller (BMC), and a storage interface. A universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (UART) for serial communication in the expander/switch is initialized and firmware updating instruction is sent to the expander/switch by the BMC. The firmware data packets are sent to the expander/switch by the BMC. A serial instruction to reset is sent to the expander/switch by the BMC and the BMC ends a communication with the UART serial. A firmware updating system applying the method is also provided.