SAS Expander Virtual Wide Port Emulation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing SAS systems face limitations in bandwidth utilization due to the inability of single physical links to match the bandwidth potential of multiple virtual links, restricting data transfer rates between initiator and target devices.

Innovation Solution

The implementation of SAS expanders that represent a physical link as a wide port, comprising multiple virtual physical links, allowing a single physical PHY to appear as multiple virtual PHYs, thereby enhancing bandwidth usage through the creation of virtual wide ports.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If a single physical PHY is used for data transmission, then device complexity is reduced, but bandwidth and data transfer rate are limited

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovebandwidthVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent creates virtual copies of the physical PHY interface by presenting multiple virtual PHYs (vPHYs) to the initiator. Each vPHY appears as a separate physical link, allowing multiple concurrent connections while sharing the underlying physical infrastructure. This copying approach enables bandwidth multiplication without proportionally increasing physical hardware complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a virtualization dimension between the physical PHY and the initiator interface. By creating a virtual layer that presents multiple logical interfaces from a single physical interface, the system achieves higher bandwidth utilization without adding proportional physical complexity. This dimensional transformation allows the system to operate in both physical and virtual spaces simultaneously.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Productivity

If multiple virtual PHYs are created from a single physical PHY, then data transfer rate increases, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata transfer rateVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The expander device is designed to perform multiple functions: it acts as both a physical interface controller and a virtualization manager. The same physical PHY infrastructure serves multiple virtual connections simultaneously, allowing the device to handle multiple data streams through a single physical link. This multi-functionality enables the system to achieve high data transfer rates without proportionally increasing hardware complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a virtualization layer as an intermediary between the physical PHY and the initiator. This intermediary manages the mapping between virtual and physical interfaces, handling connection establishment, data routing, and resource allocation. By placing this intelligent mediator in place, the system achieves complex virtualized functionality without requiring proportional increases in physical hardware complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Productivity

If a single physical link is used, then device complexity is minimized, but bandwidth utilization is insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebandwidth utilizationVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system creates virtual copies of the physical link interface, presenting multiple vPHYs to the initiator that all share the underlying physical PHY infrastructure. This copying mechanism allows the system to achieve high bandwidth utilization by enabling multiple concurrent data streams, while the shared physical infrastructure prevents proportional increases in hardware complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Solution Approach 2:

The patent merges multiple virtual connections onto a single physical infrastructure. By combining multiple vPHYs that share the same physical PHY, the system achieves high bandwidth utilization through efficient resource sharing. This merging approach allows multiple data streams to coexist on the same physical link, maximizing bandwidth utilization without requiring separate physical hardware for each connection.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Data Source

PatentUS9542349B2Wide port emulation at serial attached SCSI expanders using virtual physical links
Publication Date: 2017.01.10 AVAGO TECHNOLOGIES INTERNATIONAL SALES PTE LTD
  • US9542349B2 patent drawing
  • US9542349B2 patent drawing
  • US9542349B2 patent drawing

AI summary

Methods and structure for emulating wide ports at an expander are provided. An exemplary system includes a Serial Attached Small Computer System Interface (SAS) expander. The expander includes a plurality of physical links, and a controller. The controller is able to identify a physical link coupled with a device, to generate a plurality of virtual physical links that are configured as a virtual wide port coupled with the device, and to present the virtual wide port at the expander in place of the physical link.