Satellite Payload Capacity Modulation With Thermal Energy Storage

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Solution Overview

Problem

Satellite communication systems face challenges in managing capacity fluctuations due to uneven demand, leading to excess capacity during low demand periods and insufficient capacity during high demand periods, resulting in inefficiencies and reduced user experience.

Innovation Solution

A payload is configured to modulate its capacity based on a demand profile, using a smaller power system and thermal management components to adjust electrical and thermal energy consumption and dissipation according to demand levels, storing energy during off-peak periods for peak demand.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If the satellite is configured with a power system sufficient to continuously operate the payload at fixed capacity, then the payload can maintain constant service capability, but the power system size and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveconstant service capabilityVSAvoidpower system size
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The payload capacity is made dynamic by modulating it according to the demand profile. The satellite transitions from a static fixed-capacity design to a dynamic variable-capacity design, adjusting service levels to match actual demand while maintaining reliability when needed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The payload operating parameters (power consumption, data rate, service level) are changed based on the demand profile. By varying these parameters according to demand conditions, the satellite achieves reliable service when needed while reducing power system requirements during low-demand periods.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If the payload operates at fixed capacity, then service reliability is maintained, but excess capacity remains unused during low demand periods

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveservice reliabilityVSAvoidcapacity utilization
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The payload capacity is transformed from a static fixed value to a dynamic variable that responds to demand conditions. This allows the system to maintain reliability when demand is high while optimizing productivity by reducing capacity during low-demand periods, eliminating waste.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The demand profile serves as feedback input that drives payload capacity adjustments. By continuously monitoring demand conditions and adjusting payload operation accordingly, the system achieves both reliability (when demand requires it) and high capacity utilization (by matching supply to actual demand).

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

3Temperature

If the thermal processing capability is sized for continuous peak operation, then thermal management is adequate, but the thermal processing component size increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvethermal management adequacyVSAvoidthermal processing component size
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The thermal processing capability is made dynamic by aligning it with the modulated payload capacity. Instead of maintaining constant peak thermal processing capability, the system adjusts thermal management resources to match actual payload operation levels, reducing component size while ensuring adequate thermal control when needed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

4Quantity of substance

If the satellite uses a smaller power system based on average consumption, then power system size is reduced, but capacity must be modulated to meet peak demand

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower system sizeVSAvoidcapacity flexibility
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The payload capacity is made dynamically adjustable to work with a smaller power system. By enabling the payload to operate at different capacity levels, the satellite can use a power system sized for average consumption while still meeting peak demand through capacity modulation, thereby reducing overall system size.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The payload operating parameters are changed to accommodate a smaller power system. By varying power consumption and service capacity based on demand, the satellite achieves reduced power system size while maintaining the ability to meet peak demands through parameter adjustment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach optimizes satellite capacity utilization by matching energy consumption and thermal management to demand fluctuations, reducing inefficiencies and enhancing user experience by ensuring adequate capacity during high demand periods.

Implementation Method 1

energy stored in an energy storage system may be used to meet the electrical energy demands of the payload during periods of high demand

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectBattery (electricity): Battery (electricity)

Implementation Method 2

the satellite is configured with a thermal management component that stores excess thermal energy generated by the payload during periods of high demand

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal energy storage: Thermal Energy Storage

Data Source

PatentEP4404478B1Modulating satellite capacity
Publication Date: 2025.12.10 VIASAT INC
  • EP4404478B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4404478B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4404478B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Methods, systems, and devices for satellite operations are described. A system for satellite communications may include a payload, a power system, and a thermal management component. The payload may be configured to provide a service with varying levels of capacity based on a demand profile. The payload may consume electrical energy at a peak rate when a level of demand indicated by the demand profile is above a threshold and at a lower, off-peak rate when a level of demand indicated by the demand profile is below a threshold. The peak rate may exceed a rate at which electrical energy is generated by the power system. The thermal management component may process excess thermal energy generated by the payload when the payload operates at the peak rate. Processing the excess thermal energy may include storing thermal energy while the payload operates at the peak rate.