Satellite Emergency Command via Telemetry Modulation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing satellite command systems are vulnerable to communication subsystem failures, as they rely on primary receivers for command transmission, leaving the satellite unable to receive commands when these systems fail, despite being otherwise functional.

Innovation Solution

The Emergency Communications Channels (ECC) system allows for remote modulation of telemetry data parameters to command satellite payloads, using a processor within the satellite's flight computer to detect and execute commands embedded in telemetry data, independent of the primary receiver and without additional communication pathways, enabling backup command transmission.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If the satellite uses a primary receiver for command transmission, then command reception is reliable under normal conditions, but the system becomes vulnerable to communication subsystem failures

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecommand reception reliabilityVSAvoidcommunication pathway flexibility
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The payload transponder is designed to perform dual functions: its primary function for normal satellite operations and its secondary function as an emergency command receiver. By making the transponder multi-functional, the system gains adaptability without adding separate dedicated emergency communication equipment, thus resolving the contradiction between reliability and versatility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The satellite's existing payload transponder serves itself as the emergency communication channel. Instead of requiring external backup systems, the satellite uses its own operational transponder to receive commands during emergencies, eliminating the need for additional parallel communication pathways while maintaining reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Reliability

If additional communication pathways are added for backup command transmission, then system reliability improves, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecommand transmission robustnessVSAvoidcommunication system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The flight computer is programmed to perform dual roles: processing normal telemetry data and detecting emergency commands embedded within the same data stream. This multi-functionality allows the system to maintain reliability through alternative command pathways without adding separate hardware systems, thus avoiding increased device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The emergency command transmission pathway is merged with the existing telemetry data communication channel. By combining normal operations and emergency backup functions into a single communication pathway, the system achieves robust command transmission without the complexity of parallel separate systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Reliability

If the system processes telemetry data to detect embedded commands, then backup command capability is achieved, but processing complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebackup command capabilityVSAvoiddata processing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The flight computer uses its existing telemetry data processing capabilities to simultaneously detect emergency commands. Instead of requiring separate dedicated processing systems, the flight computer leverages its own operational processing functions to perform dual tasks, achieving backup capability without proportionally increasing processing complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The flight computer's data processing system is designed to handle multiple functions: standard telemetry analysis and emergency command detection. By making the processing system multi-functional, the patent achieves reliable backup command capability while avoiding the need for separate processing hardware, thus controlling complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Data Source

PatentEP2694374B1Emergency communications channel systems and methods for satellite command
Publication Date: 2015.01.14 ORBITAL SCIENCES CORPORATION
  • EP2694374B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2694374B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2694374B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Systems and methods for commanding a satellite are provided. A system for commanding a satellite includes a data bus and a payload coupled to the data bus, the payload including a payload receiver. The system further includes a primary receiver coupled to the data bus and a processor coupled to the data bus. The processor configured to receive a first command from the primary receiver via the data bus, and to receive telemetry data from the payload via the data bus. The processor is further configured to detect a second command by processing the telemetry data received from the payload, and to execute the detected second command.