LEO Satellite Relay MIMO for Remote IoT Data Links

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing wireless communication systems fail to effectively relay data collected by IoT terminals to terrestrial communication apparatuses, particularly in challenging environments such as buoys and mountainous areas, using unmanned aerial vehicles or geostationary satellites.

Innovation Solution

A wireless communication system employing a mobile relay apparatus mounted on a low Earth orbit satellite that uses Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology with multiple antennas to receive and transmit data, improving communication quality through diversity and beamforming effects, and accommodating various wireless communication methods without requiring changes to the relay apparatus.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Area of stationary object

If a mobile relay apparatus is used to relay data in challenging environments (buoys, mountainous areas), then coverage area and link budget are improved, but device complexity increases due to multiple antennas and MIMO technology

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoverage areaVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Area of stationary objectVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The relay apparatus is designed with multi-functional capabilities to handle various wireless communication methods (MIMO, beamforming, diversity reception) through a unified platform. The apparatus can operate in different modes (receive-only, transmit-only, or both) and support multiple communication protocols, reducing the need for separate specialized devices for different functions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The system implements a nested architecture where the mobile relay apparatus operates within the broader satellite communication infrastructure. The relay apparatus can be integrated into existing satellite systems, nesting the MIMO functionality within the satellite communication framework to leverage existing resources while adding enhanced capabilities.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

2Reliability

If MIMO technology with multiple antennas is implemented in the relay apparatus, then communication quality and data capacity are improved, but manufacturing cost and device complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecommunication qualityVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The MIMO antenna system is segmented into multiple independent antenna elements that can be configured and controlled separately. Each antenna element can be independently optimized for specific functions (diversity reception, beamforming, or general communication), allowing modular design and maintenance while achieving high communication quality.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The relay apparatus employs dynamic beamforming capabilities where the antenna radiation patterns can be adjusted in real-time based on channel conditions and communication requirements. This dynamic adaptation allows the system to optimize communication quality for different scenarios without requiring a fixed complex antenna structure for all possible conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Adaptability or versatility

If the relay apparatus accommodates various wireless communication methods without changes, then adaptability is improved, but device complexity increases to support multiple protocols

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveadaptabilityVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The relay apparatus is designed as a universal platform that can support multiple wireless communication methods (MIMO, beamforming, diversity reception, and various modulation schemes) through a unified architecture. The system can dynamically adapt to different communication protocols and methods without requiring hardware changes, achieving high versatility through software-defined functionality.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

4Productivity

If data is transmitted from IoT terminals through the mobile relay apparatus to base stations, then productivity and data capacity are improved, but energy consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata capacityVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The relay apparatus employs periodic transmission and reception cycles, alternating between listening for incoming data from IoT terminals and transmitting data to base stations. This periodic operation allows the system to manage energy consumption by entering low-power states during reception phases and activating high-power transmission only when data needs to be forwarded, optimizing the balance between productivity and energy usage.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system enhances data relay capabilities by improving link budget and coverage area while accommodating diverse communication methods, enabling efficient data transmission from IoT terminals to base stations with high quality and large capacity.

Implementation Method 1

a reception unit that receives data wirelessly transmitted by the first communication apparatus through a plurality of first antennas

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic wave propagation: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 2

a transmission unit that wirelessly transmits the data received by the reception unit to the second communication apparatus through a plurality of second antennas

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic wave propagation: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 3

a relay data reception unit that receives the data wirelessly transmitted by the relay apparatus through a plurality of third antennas

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic wave propagation: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP4156547B1Wireless communication system, relay device and wireless communication method
Publication Date: 2026.01.28 NT T INC
  • EP4156547B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4156547B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4156547B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

This relay device comprises a reception unit, a storage unit, and a transmission unit. The reception unit receives, through a plurality of first antennas, data wirelessly transmitted by a first communication device. The storage unit wirelessly transmits data received by the reception unit from a plurality of second antennas to a second communication device. The second communication device includes a relay data reception unit. The relay data reception unit receives, through a plurality of third antennas, data wirelessly transmitted by the relay device.