Satellite Communication Terminal with Dynamic Beam Nulling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current low earth orbit (LEO), medium earth orbit (MEO), and geosynchronous earth orbit (GEO) satellite systems operate in a co-channel diplex configuration, leading to interference among transmissions, while Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) face issues with narrow bandwidths, low broadcast angles, and susceptibility to jamming and spoofing, limiting location resolution and requiring extensive updates.
Innovation Solution
A satellite communication system using higher frequency bands (25.5-27.0 GHz and 37.5-42.5 GHz) with direct spread or frequency hopped signals, dynamic antenna pointing and nulling, and programmable communication protocols to avoid interference and enhance positioning accuracy.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If LEO, MEO, and GEO satellite systems operate in co-channel diplex configuration, then frequency spectrum utilization is improved, but transmission interference between systems increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic frequency selection and dynamic beam pointing mechanisms that continuously adapt transmission parameters based on real-time satellite positions and interference conditions. The system dynamically switches between frequency channels and adjusts antenna beam directions to avoid in-line events where LEO/MEO satellites align with GEO satellites, thereby maintaining high spectrum utilization while minimizing interference.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies spatial selectivity by directing transmission beams along specific paths that avoid GEO satellite arcs. The system creates localized transmission zones with controlled radiation patterns, concentrating energy in safe directions while nullifying or avoiding directions where GEO satellites are located, thus allowing co-channel operation without widespread interference.
2Adaptability or versatility
If GNSS systems use narrow bandwidths and low broadcast angles, then receiver compatibility is improved, but location resolution and anti-jamming capability deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent fundamentally changes the broadcast angle parameter from low angles (near horizon) to high elevation angles (overhead). This parameter change simultaneously improves location resolution through better geometric dilution of precision (GDOP), enhances anti-jamming capability by positioning satellites above ground-based interferers, and maintains receiver compatibility through standardized signal interfaces.
3Measurement precision
If GNSS satellites rely on regular ground station updates, then positioning accuracy is improved, but system complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent enables satellites to autonomously determine and broadcast their own precise positions, times, and orbital parameters without requiring continuous ground station updates. Each satellite uses its onboard atomic clock and self-contained navigation system to generate accurate PNT data, eliminating the need for extensive ground infrastructure while maintaining high positioning accuracy through inter-satellite timing synchronization.
Data Source
AI summary
A system includes a frequency reference generator of a ground communication system, wherein the frequency reference generator generates a frequency reference signal in a frequency band. The system further includes a communication receiving channel for receiving a direct spread or frequency hopped signal from a satellite or an aircraft using the frequency reference signal, wherein a legacy satellite system comprises a legacy communication transmitting channel for transmitting data to the legacy satellite using the frequency band.