Satellite Terminal Antenna Beam Setup for Accurate PNT
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Current low earth orbit (LEO), medium earth orbit (MEO), and geosynchronous earth orbit (GEO) satellite systems experience interference due to shared uplink and downlink frequencies, while Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) face issues with narrow bandwidths, low broadcast angles, and susceptibility to jamming and spoofing, limiting location resolution and requiring extensive updates.
Innovation Solution
A satellite communication system using reversed frequency bands for satellite-to-earth and earth-to-satellite communications, employing higher frequencies (25.5-27.0 GHz and 37.5-42.5 GHz) for improved interference avoidance and enhanced PNT data transmission with selectable accuracy and encryption, along with dynamic antenna pointing and nulling to mitigate interference.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If LEO and MEO systems use the same uplink frequency as GEO systems, then spectrum efficiency is improved, but interference between satellite systems occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the frequency spectrum by allocating different frequency ranges to different satellite systems: 24.5-27.5 GHz for LEO/MEO uplink and 37.5-42.5 GHz for GEO uplink. This segmentation allows multiple systems to operate simultaneously without mutual interference while maintaining spectrum efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by assigning specific frequency characteristics to specific geographic regions and satellite types. LEO and MEO satellites operate in the 24.5-27.5 GHz band while GEO satellites operate in the 37.5-42.5 GHz band, creating localized frequency allocation that prevents interference while maximizing spectrum utilization.
2Adaptability or versatility
If GNSS systems use narrow bandwidths and low broadcast angles, then receiver compatibility is improved, but location resolution and anti-jamming capability deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes key parameters of GNSS signals by using wide bandwidths (e.g., 500 MHz to 2 GHz) and high elevation angles for signal transmission. These parameter changes improve location resolution and anti-jamming capability while maintaining receiver compatibility through backward-compatible signal structures.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces dynamic signal characteristics including variable bandwidth allocation and adaptive waveform parameters that can be adjusted based on operational requirements. This allows the system to optimize between compatibility and precision dynamically.
3Measurement precision
If GNSS satellites rely on regular updates from ground stations, then positioning accuracy is improved, but system complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent enables GNSS satellites to perform self-calibration and self-correction by utilizing the wide bandwidth signals and advanced processing capabilities on-board. This reduces dependence on extensive ground station infrastructure for continuous calibration and error mitigation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements preliminary error correction and calibration during signal transmission and preprocessing, reducing the need for continuous ground-based updates. Error mitigation is performed proactively rather than requiring reactive ground station interventions.
Data Source
AI summary
A receiver system includes and antenna and a processor. The processor is further configured to establish initial contact with a satellite using a wide beam antenna setup for the antenna; determine a plurality of narrow beam antenna setups for the antenna based at least in part on satellite data from the initial contact; determine position coordinates and time information using position-navigation-time (PNT) data received from the plurality of narrow beam antenna setups; and provide the position coordinates and the time information.