Oscillating Saw Guide Block for Precise Bone Resection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for removing prosthetic implants from the femur during revision surgeries are inefficient and risk damaging surrounding soft tissue and bone, as they rely on manual tools like hammers and chisels, leading to trauma and tissue damage.
Innovation Solution
A bone resection system utilizing an oscillating saw with a cutting guide and cam mechanism that allows for precise cutting along defined slots, minimizing bone removal and avoiding medial or lateral boundaries, enabling precise separation of tissue from the implant.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If manual tools like hammers and chisels are used to remove prosthetic implants, then the implant can be loosened and removed, but significant trauma and damage occur to the surrounding soft tissue and bone
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces manual mechanical tools (hammers, chisels, osteotomes) with a powered oscillating saw that uses controlled oscillatory motion to cut bone and separate tissue from the implant. This substitution enables precise, minimal-trauma removal while eliminating the need for forceful manual impacting and levering actions that cause damage to surrounding structures
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs an oscillating saw blade that moves in a back-and-forth oscillatory pattern at controlled frequencies and amplitudes. This vibratory motion allows the blade to efficiently cut through bone and separate tissue from the implant with minimal mechanical stress on surrounding healthy tissue, replacing the traumatic static force application of manual tools
2Productivity
If traditional cutting methods are used without precise guidance, then the implant can be removed, but the procedure becomes time-consuming and risks damaging the femur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a guide block as an intermediary device that interfaces between the surgeon's control and the oscillating saw blade. The guide block contains precisely positioned slots that define the cutting path and limit the blade's motion to predetermined trajectories, ensuring accurate cuts that protect the femur from accidental damage while maintaining surgical efficiency
Solution Approach 2:
The guide block is pre-configured with slots and geometric features that define the exact cutting paths before the surgical procedure begins. These pre-planned trajectories are built into the guide block's structure, allowing the surgeon to simply follow the predetermined safe paths without needing to calculate or measure during the procedure, thus ensuring femur integrity while maintaining efficiency
3Ease of operation
If a static planar guide bar is used with the oscillating saw, then cutting guidance is provided, but the guide does not prevent deviation from the precise cut lines
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from a simple two-dimensional planar guide bar to a three-dimensional guide block with slots that constrain the saw blade in multiple dimensions. The slots not only guide the blade along the desired cut path but also limit lateral and vertical deviations through the slot walls, providing precision control in all spatial dimensions rather than just along a single plane
4Ease of manufacture
If more bone is removed to ensure complete implant separation, then the implant can be fully removed, but healthy bone tissue is unnecessarily lost
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies the oscillating saw blade's cutting action locally and selectively along precisely defined paths within the guide block slots. The cutting is concentrated only where needed to separate tissue from the implant, while the guide block's geometric constraints prevent the blade from removing unnecessary healthy bone tissue adjacent to the implant, thus achieving complete separation with minimal tissue loss
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system enables precise removal of prosthetic implants with reduced tissue damage, conserving bone and simplifying the surgical process by ensuring accurate cuts along the anterior and posterior surfaces of the femoral component.
Implementation Method 1
The cam element has a distal end with a guide arm extending therefrom engagable with the medial and/or lateral guide surfaces on the cutting guide. The cam element has a stop surface for engaging a stop surface on the cutting guide.
Data Source
AI summary
A bone resection system for a prosthetic implant having an anterior and posterior outer surface attached to bone has a cutting guide having slotted guide surfaces thereon mountable on the prosthetic implant. The guide surfaces are alignable with the implant outer anterior and posterior surfaces. A saw comprising a housing having spaced apart first and second sides joined by first and second edge surfaces and having a proximal end and a distal end can be inserted into the slotted guide surfaces. A cutting head drive system on the housing drives a cutting head having teeth extending outwardly of the distal end of the housing. A cam element is mounted on the saw housing intermediate the proximal and the distal ends. The cam element has a distal end with a guide arm extending therefrom engagable, during insertion, with the guide surface on the cutting guide. The cam element having a stop surface for engaging a stop surface on the cutting guide to limit blade travel.