Scalable Signal FEC Using Inter-Layer Redundancy Dependencies

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing forward error correction (FEC) schemes for scalable media signals do not effectively utilize the inter-relationship among different layers, leading to inadequate protection and increased error probability in decoding, especially in scenarios where lower layers are affected, resulting in unsuccessful decoding of higher enhancement layers due to missing references.

Innovation Solution

The proposed solution involves a layered FEC approach where redundancy information for higher-level portions is dependent not only on disjoint but also overlapping lower-level portions, enhancing the chances of successful error correction by leveraging inter-layer dependencies, thereby increasing the probability of errorless reconstruction without increasing the overall redundancy.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If independent FEC protection is used for each enhancement layer, then the decoding complexity is reduced and each layer can be protected individually, but the overall error protection effectiveness deteriorates because lower layer losses cannot be compensated by higher layer redundancy

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedecoding complexityVSAvoiderror protection effectiveness
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the FEC protection mechanisms across multiple enhancement layers by generating redundancy symbols that depend on source symbols from multiple layers. Specifically, redundancy symbols for higher layers are generated using source symbols from both the higher layer and lower layers, creating an interconnected protection system where error correction in one layer can benefit from redundancy generated for other layers.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies preliminary action by generating redundancy symbols that anticipate potential losses in lower layers. The redundancy symbols are pre-generated with dependencies on lower layer source symbols before transmission, so that when lower layer losses occur, the higher layer redundancy symbols can compensate for these losses during decoding.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Reliability

If stronger FEC protection with more redundancy symbols is applied to lower layers, then the protection probability for lower layers increases, but the overall redundancy overhead increases and the inter-layer dependency relationships are not utilized

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelower layer protection probabilityVSAvoidredundancy overhead
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent makes the redundancy symbols universal by designing them to serve multiple functions simultaneously. Redundancy symbols generated for higher layers not only protect the higher layer data but also provide protection for lower layer data. This multi-functional redundancy reduces the total amount of redundancy needed compared to independent protection schemes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the dependency parameters of redundancy symbols from layer-independent to layer-dependent. By modifying how redundancy symbols are generated (changing the parameter of dependency relationships), the system achieves better protection efficiency without increasing redundancy quantity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Ease of manufacture

If redundancy symbols for higher layers depend only on disjoint source symbols, then the redundancy generation is simplified, but the error correction capability deteriorates because overlapping lower layer portions are not utilized

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveredundancy generation simplicityVSAvoiderror correction capability
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent creates composite redundancy symbols that combine dependencies on multiple source symbols from different layers. Instead of using simple single-layer source symbols, the redundancy symbols are generated using composite dependencies on source symbols from both lower and higher layers, enhancing error correction capability while maintaining reasonable generation complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Data Source

PatentEP2201691B1Scalable information signal, apparatus and method for encoding a scalable information content, and apparatus and method for error correcting a scalable information signal
Publication Date: 2020.03.11 FRAUNHOFER GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FORDERUNG DER ANGEWANDTEN FORSCHUNG EV
  • EP2201691B1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1C
  • EP2201691B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2201691B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A scalable information signal is protected in a more efficient and/or safe way by adopting the interrelationship among the plurality of portions of different levels within the information signal in FEC protecting the information signal. In particular, portions of the information signal representing the information content at a higher level should have associated therewith redundancy information which is dependent not only on that part of this portion being disjoint to a respective overlapping lower level portion. Rather, redundancy information should also be dependent on the latter part so as to increase the chances of success of forward error correcting an error within the lower level portion at the reception side.