Scattered Light Analysis Device Disturbance Correction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Scattered light measurement in automatic analysis devices is prone to optical influences from disturbance substances like scratches, contamination, fat globules, or fibrin clots in the reaction cell or sample, leading to inaccurate measurements without a method to correct for these influences.
Innovation Solution
An automatic analysis device that measures light amounts before and after dispensing reagents, calculates the concentration of the substance by correcting for the influence of disturbance substances using specific light measurement values, allowing for accurate quantitation of the substance even in the presence of disturbance factors.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If scattered light measurement is used to enhance detection sensitivity, then the detection capability for low concentration substances is improved, but the measurement becomes highly sensitive to optical influences from disturbance substances such as scratches, contamination, fat globules, or fibrin clots
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary measurements of disturbance substances ( scratches, contamination, fat globules, fibrin clots) before the actual immune agglutination reaction. By measuring the scattered light from these disturbance substances in advance (using water blank measurements and sample background measurements), the system establishes baseline values that are later subtracted from the final measurement results, thereby eliminating their harmful optical influences and enabling accurate detection even in the presence of these disturbances
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the harmful optical influences of disturbance substances into beneficial information by measuring them separately and using them for correction. The scattered light signals from disturbance substances, which would normally be noise, are transformed into useful correction factors that improve measurement accuracy. This is achieved by measuring the scattered light from disturbance substances alone (without latex particles) and subtracting these values from the total scattered light measurements, thereby isolating and quantifying the contribution of the target analyte
2Measurement precision
If absorbance measurement is used to correct for disturbance substances, then the influence of disturbance substances can be corrected, but scattered light measurement cannot be corrected using the same method
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the measurement parameter from absorbance to scattered light intensity. By measuring the scattered light from disturbance substances separately (using water blanks and sample background measurements) and subtracting these scattered light values from the total scattered light measurements, the system adapts the correction approach to suit the specific characteristics of scattered light measurement, making the correction method versatile for both absorbance and scattered light modalities
3Measurement precision
If sample dilution is performed to reduce the influence of disturbance substances, then the measurement accuracy can be improved, but the time and effort required increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the contribution of disturbance substances from the total measurement by performing separate measurements: water blank measurements to capture reaction cell disturbances, and sample background measurements to capture disturbance substances in the sample matrix. By extracting these disturbance components as separate measurable quantities, the system eliminates the need for time-consuming sample dilution procedures, as the disturbance influences are removed through mathematical subtraction rather than physical dilution
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables accurate quantitation of the substance concentration by isolating and correcting for the effects of disturbance substances, improving measurement reliability and reducing the need for sample dilution or pristine reaction cells.
Implementation Method 1
calculate, according to the Lambert-Beer law, absorbance from the amount of transmitted light obtained when a reaction solution having a sample and a reagent mixed therein is irradiated with light
Implementation Method 2
a method of measuring scattered light has been attempted. For example, a system and the like have been proposed whereby transmitted light and scattered light are separated using a diaphragm, and absorbance and the scattered light are simultaneously measured
Data Source
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AI summary
During the measurement of a concentration in a sample by scattered light measurement, if there is disturbance substance other than a substance to be measured in a reaction cell or a reaction solution therein, the concentration of the substance to be measured cannot be correctly quantitated. Thus, an automatic analysis device according to the present invention includes an analysis unit that corrects, based on a measured value at the time of a first light amount measurement with water dispensed in the reaction cell before the sample is dispensed therein; a measured value at the time of a second light amount measurement after the sample and a preprocessing reagent are dispensed into the reaction cell; a liquid amount in the reaction cell at the time of the second light amount measurement; and a liquid amount in the reaction cell at the time of a third light amount measurement after the reaction reagent has been dispensed into the reaction cell and before the reaction reagent and the substance to be measured react with each other, the amount of scattered light at the time of the third light amount measurement and the amount of scattered light at the time of a fourth light amount measurement after the reaction reagent and the substance to be measured have reacted, and then computes the concentration of the substance to be measured based on an after-correction value.