Frequency-Domain Scheduler Acceleration for Parallel 5G Resource Allocation

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Solution Overview

Problem

The computationally intensive tasks performed by the Scheduler in wireless networks, particularly in 5G systems with massive MIMO, are exacerbated by larger bandwidths, more resources to allocate, and shorter time intervals, leading to inefficiencies in frequency-domain scheduling due to sequential dependencies in resource allocation algorithms.

Innovation Solution

Implementing a hardware accelerator or co-processor to offload compute-heavy tasks from CPU cores, enabling parallel execution of frequency-domain scheduling operations, thereby reducing execution time and energy consumption.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If software-based scheduling is used on CPU cores, then implementation flexibility is maintained, but execution speed and processing efficiency deteriorate due to compute-intensive tasks

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimplementation flexibilityVSAvoidexecution speed
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The scheduling system is divided into two parts: a CPU-based control plane that handles high-level scheduling decisions and a hardware accelerator that performs compute-intensive frequency-domain scheduling operations. This segmentation allows the CPU to maintain flexibility while the hardware accelerator provides high-speed execution for specific tasks.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

A hardware accelerator module acts as an intermediary between the CPU and the resource allocation processes. The CPU offloads frequency-domain scheduling tasks to this dedicated hardware component, which is optimized for parallel processing of spectral efficiency calculations and resource allocation decisions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Device complexity

If sequential resource allocation algorithms are used in frequency-domain scheduling, then implementation simplicity is maintained, but processing time increases due to sequential dependencies

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimplementation simplicityVSAvoidprocessing time
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The system transitions from sequential single-threaded execution to parallel multi-threaded execution on the hardware accelerator. Multiple resource allocation calculations that were previously performed sequentially are now executed simultaneously across multiple processing units, dramatically reducing processing time while maintaining the same allocation logic.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

3Productivity

If hardware accelerators are deployed for parallel processing, then execution speed improves, but device complexity and implementation difficulty increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveexecution speedVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system is segmented into a control plane running on the CPU and a data plane running on the hardware accelerator. This clear separation allows each component to be optimized independently: the CPU handles complex control logic while the hardware accelerator focuses on high-speed numerical computations for resource allocation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The hardware accelerator is designed as a universal platform that can handle multiple types of scheduling algorithms and resource allocation tasks. It provides a configurable architecture that can adapt to different wireless communication standards and scheduling requirements without requiring complete redesign.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

4Quantity of substance

If more resources are allocated for massive MIMO in 5G networks, then network capacity increases, but computational load on the scheduler increases significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenetwork capacityVSAvoidcomputational load
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces software-based computational mechanisms with hardware-based parallel processing mechanisms. The hardware accelerator uses dedicated circuitry and parallel computing architectures to perform spectral efficiency calculations and resource allocation for massive MIMO, reducing the computational burden on general-purpose CPU cores.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Data Source

PatentEP3738032B1Hardware acceleration for frequency domain scheduler in wireless networks
Publication Date: 2025.11.26 NOKIA TECHNOLOGIES OY
  • EP3738032B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3738032B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3738032B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Methods and apparatuses are provided for hardware acceleration for a frequency domain scheduler. An example method includes receiving an instruction from a processor core to process a job for determining an allocation of a set of resources to one or more users, the set of resources corresponding to a transmission layer in a transmission time interval; processing the job by determining which of the one or more users is to be allocated on each of the respective resources in the set based on a first array stored in a memory associated with a metric of each of one or more users for each of the resources in the set, and a second array stored in the memory associated with a buffer size of each of the one or more users; and in response to successfully completing the job, sending an indication of the determined allocation to the processor core.