High-Pressure Scroll Compressor Back Pressure Discharge
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Solution Overview
Problem
High-pressure scroll compressors experience mechanical loss and excessive back pressure due to refrigerant discharge inefficiencies, where refrigerant flows into the back pressure chamber instead of being directly discharged, leading to pressure imbalances under partial load conditions.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating a back pressure chamber discharge portion with a selectively openable flow path and valve to directly discharge refrigerant from the back pressure chamber to the main body, maintaining intermediate pressure below the discharge pressure and preventing refrigerant flowback through the back pressure hole.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If refrigerant is discharged through the discharge port to the discharge pipe, then high-pressure refrigerant can be discharged efficiently, but under partial load conditions the back pressure chamber pressure exceeds discharge pressure causing refrigerant to flow into the back pressure chamber through the back pressure hole, resulting in mechanical loss and discharge loss
Solution Approach 1:
The discharge system is segmented into two independent pathways: the original discharge port for normal operation and a new discharge hole in the back pressure chamber for partial load conditions. This segmentation allows the system to select the appropriate discharge path based on operating conditions, preventing refrigerant from flowing into the back pressure chamber and reducing energy loss.
Solution Approach 2:
The back pressure chamber discharge hole acts as an intermediary pathway that activates when back pressure exceeds discharge pressure. This intermediary channel provides a controlled route for refrigerant to discharge directly from the back pressure chamber to the discharge pipe, bypassing the compression chamber and preventing the harmful flowback that causes mechanical loss.
2Force
If the back pressure chamber maintains intermediate pressure to support the orbiting scroll, then the orbiting scroll can maintain proper positioning, but under partial load conditions the back pressure becomes excessive preventing smooth refrigerant discharge
Solution Approach 1:
The back pressure chamber discharge hole provides a dynamic pressure relief mechanism that activates only when needed (when back pressure exceeds discharge pressure). This dynamic adjustment allows the system to maintain high back pressure for scroll support during normal operation while automatically reducing back pressure during partial load conditions to enable smooth refrigerant discharge.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically changes the back pressure parameter by opening the discharge hole when pressure differential conditions are met. This parameter change allows the back pressure to be maintained at high levels for mechanical support when needed, and reduced when it interferes with discharge efficiency, optimizing both force support and discharge smoothness.
3Productivity
If a bypass flow path is provided from the compression chamber to the discharge pipe, then refrigerant can be bypassed when compression pressure exceeds discharge pressure, but the bypass may not be sufficient to prevent back pressure chamber pressure buildup
Solution Approach 1:
The pressure relief system is segmented into two independent discharge paths: the bypass flow path from the compression chamber and the discharge hole from the back pressure chamber. This segmentation ensures that each path handles its specific function independently, providing reliable pressure balance by directly addressing pressure buildup in both the compression chamber and back pressure chamber.
Solution Approach 2:
The back pressure chamber discharge hole serves as an intermediary pressure relief mechanism that directly addresses the root cause of pressure imbalance. By providing a dedicated discharge path from the back pressure chamber, this intermediary structure ensures reliable pressure balance even when the bypass flow path from the compression chamber is insufficient.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution ensures efficient refrigerant discharge under partial load conditions, reducing mechanical loss and maintaining the back pressure chamber pressure below the discharge pressure, thereby preventing refrigerant flowback and enhancing compressor performance.
Implementation Method 1
maintaining an intermediate pressure of the back pressure chamber to be less than a discharge pressure of the refrigerant
Implementation Method 2
compresses the refrigerant sucked into a compression chamber by gradually reducing the volume of the compression chamber as the orbiting scroll orbits
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed herein is a high-pressure scroll compressor, in response to a discharged refrigerant flowing into a back pressure chamber, capable of directly discharging the refrigerant to a space inside a main body, and capable of maintaining an intermediate pressure of the back pressure chamber to be less than a discharge pressure of the refrigerant by separately providing a discharge flow path in the back pressure chamber.The high-pressure scroll compressor comprises a main body, a fixed scroll fixed inside the main body, an orbiting scroll engaged with the fixed scroll to perform a relative orbiting motion, and forming a compression chamber with the fixed scroll, a main frame located under the orbiting scroll and including a back pressure chamber filled with an intermediate-pressure refrigerant, a back pressure hole provided in the orbiting scroll and provided to allow the compression chamber to communicate with the back pressure chamber, a bypass portion configured to selectively bypass the refrigerant of the compression chamber to a space inside the main body, and a back pressure chamber discharge portion configured to selectively discharge the refrigerant of the back pressure chamber to the space inside the main body.