Scroll Compressor Back-Pressure Sealing With Timed Passage Overlap
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing scroll compressors face challenges in generating sufficient pressure in the counter-pressure chamber to press the displacement spiral against the counter spiral without inducing frictional forces that lead to performance losses, requiring a balance between pressure and design complexity.
Innovation Solution
A scroll-type positive displacement machine with a high-pressure chamber, low-pressure chamber, and counter-pressure chamber, featuring centrally arranged outlet openings in the counter spiral and strategically positioned passage openings in the displacement spiral to maintain fluid connection and adjust pressure effectively, minimizing frictional losses.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If high pressure is generated in the counter-pressure chamber to press the displacement spiral against the counter spiral, then sealing between the spirals is improved, but frictional forces increase leading to performance losses
Solution Approach 1:
The first passage opening is positioned to establish fluid connection with the counter-pressure chamber before the displacement spiral completes its orbiting motion, allowing pressure to build up in advance. This preliminary pressure generation ensures the displacement spiral is already pressed against the counter spiral when compression begins, maintaining sealing without requiring excessive continuous pressure that would cause friction losses.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adjusts pressure generation timing through the strategic positioning of passage openings. The first passage opening connects to the counter-pressure chamber only during specific phases of the orbiting motion, creating a dynamic pressure system that provides high pressure when needed for sealing and reduces pressure when not needed, thereby minimizing frictional losses during non-compression phases.
2Reliability
If pressure in the counter-pressure chamber is increased to ensure fluid-tight sealing, then sealing performance is improved, but device complexity increases to manage pressure control
Solution Approach 1:
The displacement spiral itself serves the dual function of both compressing the working medium and regulating pressure in the counter-pressure chamber through its orbiting motion. As the displacement spiral orbits, it automatically opens and closes the passage openings to the counter-pressure chamber, creating a self-regulating pressure system without requiring external pressure control mechanisms or additional components.
Solution Approach 2:
The passage openings serve multiple functions: they allow the displacement spiral to orbit, they enable compression of the working medium, and they simultaneously control pressure in the counter-pressure chamber. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate pressure control devices, reducing overall system complexity while maintaining reliable sealing.
3Stress or pressure
If passage openings are positioned to maintain fluid connection with the counter-pressure chamber, then pressure generation is improved, but frictional losses increase due to prolonged high pressure
Solution Approach 1:
The passage openings are positioned to create periodic fluid connection with the counter-pressure chamber rather than continuous connection. During each orbiting cycle, the displacement spiral periodically opens and closes the passage openings, creating pulses of high pressure only when needed for sealing and compression. This periodic pressure action maintains effective sealing while minimizing the duration of high pressure, thereby reducing frictional losses.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design allows for efficient pressure generation in the counter-pressure chamber to ensure a tight seal between the spirals while minimizing frictional forces, resulting in a more compact and cost-effective construction with reduced performance losses.
Implementation Method 1
the first passage opening and the outlet opening temporarily overlap at least in sections
Implementation Method 2
The pressure in the back-pressure room acts on the displacement spiral with a force that presses the displacement spiral against the counter spiral
Implementation Method 3
The orbiting displacement spiral forms compression chambers, in which a coolant is compressed
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a scroll-type positive displacement machine, in particular a scroll compressor, comprising a highpressure chamber (11), a low-pressure chamber (12), an orbiting displacement spiral (13), a counter spiral (14), and a counterpressure chamber (15) which is located between the low-pressure chamber (12) and the displacement spiral (13), wherein an outlet opening (16), through which a compressed working medium flows into the high-pressure chamber (11) during operation, is centrally arranged in the counter spiral (14) in a high-pressure region, and wherein the displacement spiral (13) has at least a first and a second passage opening (17a, 17b) for fluidic connection to the counter-pressure chamber (15), wherein at least the first passage opening (17a) is arranged in the region of the outlet opening (16) so that, during operation, the first passage opening (17a) and the outlet opening (16) temporarily overlap at least in sections.