Scroll Compressor Back Pressure Valve Pulsation Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
In scroll compressors, continuous pulsation in the back pressure chamber leads to increased compression loss due to the lack of a component to adjust back pressure in the refrigerant flow path between the compression chamber and the back pressure chamber, causing inefficiencies.
Innovation Solution
A movable back pressure valve is introduced inside a back pressure hole to vary the flow path area between the compression chamber and the back pressure chamber, allowing for improved pressure regulation by expanding or reducing the flow path area based on pressure differences.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If no back pressure adjustment component is provided in the refrigerant flow path, then the structure remains simple, but continuous pulsation occurs in the back pressure chamber causing increased compression loss
Solution Approach 1:
The back pressure valve utilizes the pressure difference between the compression chamber and back pressure chamber to automatically open and close, regulating back pressure without requiring external control mechanisms. The valve body moves freely in the back pressure hole, opening when compression chamber pressure exceeds back pressure chamber pressure, and closing when the pressure difference reverses, thereby eliminating pulsation and reducing compression loss through self-regulation
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the flow path area parameter dynamically by allowing the back pressure valve to move between open and closed positions. When the valve opens, the flow path area increases to release excess pressure; when closed, the flow path area decreases to maintain back pressure, thus adjusting the back pressure parameter to prevent pulsation and reduce energy loss
2Reliability
If a valve is mounted in the refrigerant flow path to improve pulsation, then pressure regulation is improved, but the valve structure becomes complicated and manufacturing time and costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts only the essential back pressure regulation function from complex valve structures. Instead of using traditional multi-component valves with actuators and control mechanisms, it employs a simple movable valve body that utilizes natural pressure differences to achieve automatic regulation, thereby maintaining reliability while dramatically simplifying the structure and reducing manufacturing complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The back pressure valve operates autonomously by utilizing the pressure difference between chambers to drive its own opening and closing actions. The valve body moves in response to pressure forces without requiring external actuators, control systems, or additional components, achieving reliable pressure regulation while minimizing structure and manufacturing requirements
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The implementation of the back pressure valve effectively suppresses pressure pulsation in the back pressure chamber, enhancing the compressor's efficiency by reducing compression losses and improving operational stability.
Implementation Method 1
a back pressure valve that moves inside of the back pressure hole along a longitudinal direction of the back pressure hole by a pressure difference between the compression chamber and the back pressure chamber, to vary a flow path area of the back pressure hole
Data Source
AI summary
A scroll compressor is disclosed. The scroll compressor may include a back pressure hole formed through a non-orbiting scroll and a back pressure chamber assembly such that a compression chamber and a back pressure chamber communicate with each other. A back pressure valve may be disposed inside of the back pressure hole and move along a longitudinal direction of the back pressure hole by a pressure difference between the compression chamber and the back pressure chamber, to vary a flow path area of the back pressure hole. The back pressure valve may include a valve body that extends in an axial direction and a plurality of holes formed through the valve body in the axial direction. With the configuration, pressure pulsation in the back pressure chamber may be suppressed or prevented.