Scroll Compressor Back Pressure Chamber Bypass Valve
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Solution Overview
Problem
The upper back pressure type scroll compressor faces challenges in quickly re-operating due to residual pressure in the back pressure chamber, leading to increased initial torque requirements, noise, and abrasion, as the refrigerant discharge is hindered by the orbiting scroll wrap blocking the discharge hole, limiting the compressor's efficiency and re-operation speed.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of a discharge guide in the orbiting scroll and a bypass valve system that allows the intermediate pressure refrigerant to bypass the discharge hole, ensuring efficient communication between the back pressure chamber and the compression chamber, even when the compressor stops, facilitating quick re-startup by maintaining equilibrium pressure and reducing friction through a low-friction seal cover.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the orbiting scroll wrap blocks the discharge hole during compression, then the compression chamber is sealed effectively, but the refrigerant discharge is hindered and initial torque increases during re-operation
Solution Approach 1:
The discharge path is segmented into two separate paths: a primary discharge hole for normal operation and a secondary bypass passage for quick re-operation. This segmentation allows the system to maintain effective sealing during compression while providing an alternative discharge route that prevents high initial torque during restart, resolving the contradiction between sealing reliability and ease of re-operation.
2Device complexity
If the back pressure chamber is formed on the bottom surface of the orbiting scroll, then the structure is simple and bypass hole formation is easy, but the back pressure chamber changes configuration during orbiting motion causing tilt and vibration
Solution Approach 1:
The back pressure chamber is extracted from the orbiting scroll and relocated to the fixed scroll. This extraction removes the source of configuration changes during orbiting motion, eliminating tilt and vibration while maintaining the simplicity of the overall structure. The bypass hole can still be easily formed in the fixed scroll without the complications of moving components.
3Reliability
If the end of the wrap is strongly attached to the head plate surface, then leakage is prevented, but friction increases causing noise and abrasion
Solution Approach 1:
A back pressure chamber is introduced as an intermediary mechanism between the wrap end and the head plate surface. By maintaining a controlled pressure differential in this chamber, the system achieves reliable sealing through pressure balancing while reducing direct contact friction, thereby minimizing noise and abrasion without compromising leakage prevention.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enables rapid re-operation of the scroll compressor by ensuring efficient refrigerant discharge and reducing friction, thereby minimizing noise and abrasion, and maintaining optimal pressure equilibrium, enhancing operational efficiency and reducing the initial torque required for re-startup.
Implementation Method 1
a back pressure chamber having an intermediate pressure, which is defined as a value between a discharge pressure and a suction pressure, may be formed in a back surface of the orbiting scroll or the fixed scroll
Implementation Method 2
a seal cover that contacts the other one of the first and second surfaces, and a seal, a portion of which may be accommodated in the seal cover. The seal cover may have a friction coefficient less than a friction coefficient of the seal
Data Source
AI summary
A scroll compressor is provided that may include a first scroll, a second scroll that defines a plurality of compression chambers together with the first scroll, the second scroll having a discharge hole that communicates with a compression chamber among the plurality of compression chambers, a back pressure plate that defines a back pressure chamber to accommodate a refrigerant discharged from the discharge hole, a floating plate to define the back pressure chamber, and a sealing member to prevent the refrigerant from flowing between a first surface, which may be a sliding surface of the floating plate, and a second surface, which may face the first surface, of the back pressure plate. The sealing member may include a seal cover that contacts the other one of the first and second surfaces, and a seal, a portion of which may be accommodated in the seal cover. The seal cover may have a friction coefficient less than a friction coefficient of the seal.