Single-Passage Scroll Compressor Back Pressure Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing displacement machines, such as scroll compressors, face challenges in adjusting pressure in the counter pressure chamber effectively and risk contamination by impurities in the refrigerant, requiring a more efficient and adaptable back pressure system.
Innovation Solution
A displacement machine with a single passage in the displacement spiral that temporarily connects the counter pressure chamber to compression chambers, allowing pressure adjustment based on operating pressures and reducing contamination by facilitating easy flow and impurity removal.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a traditional counter pressure chamber system is used in displacement machines, then the chamber can receive working medium and build up pressure, but the pressure cannot be adjusted effectively and contamination by impurities in the refrigerant occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The counter pressure chamber system is segmented by introducing a movable separation element that divides the chamber into different zones. This allows the chamber to be selectively connected to different pressure sources (suction chamber or discharge chamber) based on the compression cycle phase, enabling effective pressure adjustment while preventing contamination from impurities in the refrigerant.
Solution Approach 2:
The counter pressure chamber system is made dynamic by introducing a movable separation element that changes position during operation. This dynamic configuration allows the system to adapt its connectivity between the counter pressure chamber and other chambers based on real-time operating conditions, achieving effective pressure adjustment and contamination prevention.
2Adaptability or versatility
If multiple passages are added to the displacement spiral for pressure adjustment, then pressure control improves, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The counter pressure chamber is merged with the compression chamber through the movable separation element, allowing a single passage to serve dual functions. This integration enables effective pressure control capability while avoiding the need for multiple separate passages, thus reducing device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The single passage in the displacement spiral is designed to serve multiple functions by connecting to the counter pressure chamber that can be dynamically configured. This passage handles both pressure control and contamination prevention tasks, providing universal functionality without requiring additional passages.
3Stress or pressure
If the passage opens early in the compression cycle, then counter pressure builds up faster, but compression efficiency decreases due to premature pressure equalization
Solution Approach 1:
The movable separation element acts as a feedback mechanism that responds to pressure differential between chambers. It automatically positions itself to allow counter pressure buildup when needed while preventing premature pressure equalization, thus maintaining compression efficiency while enabling controlled pressure buildup.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically changes the parameter of passage opening timing by using the movable separation element to control when the passage becomes effective. This allows the counter pressure to build up at the optimal moment in the compression cycle, achieving fast pressure buildup without compromising compression efficiency.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables adjustable contact pressure between spirals, reducing output losses and contamination risks, while maintaining tightness and efficiency in the compression process, allowing for effective compression and refrigerant handling.
Implementation Method 1
the passage establishes at least temporarily a fluid connection between the counter pressure chamber and at least one of the compression chambers
Implementation Method 2
By means of the counter pressure chamber or respectively by means of the back pressure space, it is possible to build up a pressure which acts on the orbiting displacement spiral. A resulting force occurs in axial direction, whereby the displacement spiral is pressed against the counter spiral and therefore the spirals are sealed with respect to one another.
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a displacement machine according to the spiral principle, in particular a scroll compressor, with a high-pressure zone which comprises a high-pressure chamber, with a low-pressure chamber and with an orbiting displacement spiral, which engages into a counter spiral such that between the displacement spiral and the counter spiral compression chambers are formed, in order to receive a working medium, wherein between the low-pressure chamber and the displacement spiral a counter pressure chamber is formed. According to the invention, the displacement spiral has only one passage, which at least temporarily produces a fluid connection between the counter pressure chamber and at least one of the compression chambers, wherein the passage is formed in such a portion of the displacement spiral in which the passage in the activated state of the displacement machine is opened on reaching of 85%-100%, in particular of 90%-100%, in particular of 95%, of the relative compression chamber volume, and remains opened during a subsequent rotation, after opening, of the displacement spiral about a rotational angle of 120°-360°, in particular of 255°-315°, in particular of 270°.