Software-Defined Radio Machine Learning Waveform Classification
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional radio receivers and transmitters are inflexible, allowing them to monitor only a small part of the electromagnetic spectrum and operate with a single communication protocol, limiting their ability to adapt to different frequencies and modulation types.
Innovation Solution
The use of software-defined radio (SDR) in combination with machine learning to enable flexible scanning of the electromagnetic spectrum and respond to detected waveforms, by training models to identify and classify electromagnetic waveforms and initiate appropriate actions based on machine-learning outputs.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If conventional radio receivers and transmitters use fixed circuits with adjustable components, then the device structure is simple and easy to manufacture, but the adaptability to different frequencies and modulation types is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by transitioning from fixed, static circuits to dynamic, reconfigurable circuits. The receiver uses adjustable components (variable capacitors and inductors) that can be modified during operation to tune to different frequencies and detect various modulation types, enabling the system to adapt its characteristics based on the incoming signal rather than being confined to a single fixed configuration
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements parameter changes by allowing key circuit parameters such as capacitance and inductance to be varied dynamically. The adjustable capacitors and inductors enable the receiver to change its electrical characteristics in response to different signal conditions, allowing the same hardware to optimize its performance for AM, FM, or other modulation types without requiring multiple fixed circuits
2Adaptability or versatility
If conventional radios are configured for a single communication protocol, then the device complexity is reduced, but the ability to monitor different channels and frequencies is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies universality by designing a single receiver circuit that can perform multiple functions across different communication protocols and frequency ranges. The combination of adjustable capacitors, inductors, and envelope detectors enables the same hardware to function as an AM receiver, an FM receiver, or detect other modulation types, eliminating the need for separate dedicated circuits for each protocol while expanding monitoring capabilities across the electromagnetic spectrum
Data Source
AI summary
A method includes determining, based at least in part on parameters of a software-defined radio (SDR), waveform data descriptive of an electromagnetic waveform. The method also includes generating feature data based on the waveform data and based on one or more symbols decoded from the electromagnetic waveform. The method further includes providing the feature data as input to a first machine-learning model and initiating a response action based on an output of the first machine-learning model.