Seal Gas Compressor pH Control for Corrosion Mitigation

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Solution Overview

Problem

The existing seal gas compressor systems in direct reduction processes face issues with corrosion and scaling due to acidic water conditions caused by CO2 in reformer flue gas, leading to reduced production, excessive maintenance, and product quality loss, as current treatments and monitoring systems fail to comprehensively address these problems.

Innovation Solution

Implementing a system with pH and corrosiveness monitoring and adjustment using Distributed Control Systems (DCS) with pH probes and chemical injectors, along with film-forming and electrochemical treatments, to maintain optimal pH and corrosiveness levels in the seal gas compressor water stream, and using vapor phase inhibitors to control corrosion and scaling in both water and gaseous regions.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Quantity of substance

If clean industrial water or softened water is used in the seal gas compressor, then the initial water quality is good, but corrosion occurs due to CO2 forming carbonic acid that lowers pH to 4.5

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewater qualityVSAvoidcorrosion
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the pH parameter of the water from acidic (pH 4.5) to alkaline (pH 9.0-11.0) by injecting alkaline chemicals such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide. This parameter change neutralizes the carbonic acid formed by CO2 dissolution and eliminates the corrosion problem while maintaining good water quality

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces an intermediary substance (alkaline chemical agent) that mediates between the acidic water and the metal components. The alkaline chemical neutralizes the acid and forms a protective environment, preventing direct contact between corrosive acidic water and metal surfaces

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Object-affected harmful factors

If the pH is adjusted to prevent corrosion, then corrosion is reduced, but scaling occurs due to calcium carbonate precipitation

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovecorrosionVSAvoidscaling
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent precisely controls the pH parameter within a specific range (9.0-11.0) and monitors calcium hardness levels. By maintaining pH in this optimized range and controlling other water chemistry parameters, the patent achieves a balance where corrosion is prevented but calcium carbonate scaling is minimized

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements dynamic monitoring and adjustment of pH and water chemistry parameters. The system continuously monitors conditions and adjusts chemical injection rates in real-time, allowing adaptive control that prevents both corrosion and scaling based on changing operating conditions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Ease of operation

If conventional dosing pumps with timers are used for chemical feed, then the system is simple to operate, but the pH control is inconsistent and performance varies

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesystem simplicityVSAvoidpH control consistency
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a feedback control system where pH electrodes continuously monitor the water pH and provide real-time data to the control system. The control system automatically adjusts the chemical injection rate based on the measured pH, ensuring consistent pH control (9.0-11.0) regardless of variations in water flow or CO2 content

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the mechanical timer-based dosing system with an electronically controlled chemical injection system. This substitution allows for precise, real-time adjustment of chemical feed rates based on actual pH measurements, eliminating the inconsistency inherent in timer-based mechanical systems

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

4Duration of action of stationary object

If stainless steel or nickel lobe materials are used, then equipment life is extended, but the cost is excessive and corrosive water still affects pipework

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveequipment lifeVSAvoidcost
Core Design Contradiction:
Duration of action of stationary objectVSLoss of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent converts the harmful acidic water into a beneficial controlled chemical environment by adding alkaline chemicals. This transforms the corrosive water into a protective alkaline environment that actually prevents corrosion, eliminating the need for expensive corrosion-resistant materials while maintaining equipment life

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the chemical composition parameter of the water from acidic to alkaline, fundamentally altering the corrosion behavior. This parameter change makes the water non-corrosive to standard carbon steel components, allowing the use of cheaper materials while extending equipment life through proper chemical control

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach ensures continuous control of critical parameters, improving process reliability by minimizing corrosion and scaling, reducing maintenance needs, and maintaining product quality by ensuring optimal chemical effectiveness and real-time decision-making.

Implementation Method 1

monitoring a pH level of a water stream used in the seal gas compressor

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectpH measurement: Electrolyte

Implementation Method 2

adjusting the pH level of the water stream to maintain the pH level within a predetermined range

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectChemical neutralization: Chemical Bonding

Implementation Method 3

film-forming and electrochemical treatments, to maintain optimal pH and corrosiveness levels

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFilm formation: Coatings

Implementation Method 4

using vapor phase inhibitors to control corrosion and scaling in both water and gaseous regions

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVapor phase inhibition: Absorption (physical)

Data Source

PatentEP4168134B1Seal gas optimization systems and methods for a direct reduction process
Publication Date: 2024.11.20 MIDREX TECHNOLOGIES INC
  • EP4168134B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4168134B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4168134B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A method and system for operating a seal gas compressor utilized in a direct reduction process including: monitoring a pH level of a water stream used in the seal gas compressor, wherein the pH level of the water stream is affected by a reformer flue gas stream that comes into contact with the water stream, wherein the monitoring step is carried out one or more of upstream of the seal gas compressor and downstream of the compressor; and adjusting the pH level of the water stream to maintain the pH level of the water stream within a predetermined range based on feedback from the monitoring step. The method includes maintaining the pH level of the water stream upstream of the seal gas compressor in a range between 7.5 and 10 and maintaining the pH level of the water stream downstream of the seal gas compressor in a range between 7.8 and 9.5.