Low-Friction Seal Housing Coating for High-Speed Shaft Tracking

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional rotational mechanical systems, such as aircraft starter generators, face challenges with misalignment and force variation due to higher shaft rotational speeds and thermal tolerance, leading to increased friction and potential leaks in seal assemblies.

Innovation Solution

Applying an anti-frictional coating, such as a diamond-like coating (DLC), to the interior sealing surfaces of the housing in rotational mechanical devices to reduce axial friction and enhance seal tracking, using methods like vapor deposition for application.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If higher shaft rotational speeds and larger tolerance dimensional stack up are used in variable frequency starter generators, then productivity and design flexibility are improved, but misalignment and force variation increase leading to higher friction and potential leaks

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveshaft rotational speedVSAvoidseal performance
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies an anti-frictional coating (such as diamond-like carbon or PTFE) to the interior sealing surface, fundamentally changing the friction parameter of the sealing interface. This coating reduces the coefficient of friction between the seal and the sealing surface, allowing the system to operate at higher rotational speeds while maintaining seal integrity and preventing leaks despite increased misalignment and force variation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Ease of manufacture

If conventional sealing surfaces are used in high-speed rotational systems, then manufacturing simplicity is maintained, but friction increases leading to seal failure and leaks

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesealing surface fabricationVSAvoidfriction
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a composite structure by applying an anti-frictional coating layer over the base sealing surface material. This creates a composite sealing surface that combines the structural integrity of the base material with the low-friction properties of the coating layer (such as diamond-like carbon or PTFE), thereby reducing friction and preventing seal failure without complicating the manufacturing process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

3Ease of operation

If friction reduction is achieved through conventional lubrication, then ease of operation is improved, but contamination and seal degradation occur reducing reliability

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveseal movementVSAvoidseal life
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the conventional lubrication mechanism with a solid anti-frictional coating applied directly to the sealing surface. This substitution eliminates the need for liquid or grease lubricants that could contaminate the system or degrade the seal, while still providing friction reduction to enable smooth seal movement and extend seal life through reduced wear.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The anti-frictional coating significantly reduces the o-ring drag force by an order of magnitude, improving seal tracking, reducing seal temperature, and increasing seal life, thereby addressing the issue of leaks and enhancing the overall performance of rotational mechanical systems.

Implementation Method 1

Applying the anti-frictional coating can include using vapor deposition. For example, using vapor deposition can include using plasma assisted chemical vapor deposition.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVapor deposition: Physical Vapour Deposition

Implementation Method 2

Applying the anti-frictional coating can include using vapor deposition. For example, using vapor deposition can include using plasma assisted chemical vapor deposition.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPlasma assisted chemical vapor deposition: Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapour Deposition

Implementation Method 3

The anti-frictional coating can be a diamond-like coating (DLC).

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDiamond-like coating: Diamond-like Carbon

Data Source

PatentEP3486534B1Rotational mechanical systems having reduced friction sealing surfaces
Publication Date: 2023.08.23 HAMILTON SUNDSTRAND CORP
  • EP3486534B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3486534B1 patent drawingFigure 2

AI summary

In accordance with at least one aspect of this disclosure, a stationary housing for a rotational mechanical device includes an interior sealing surface (103) configured to receive a rotationally stationary seal assembly (105) that is allowed to move axially to track a journal shaft (109), wherein the interior sealing surface (103) includes an anti-frictional coating.