Sealed Torque Converter Piston for Faster Lockup and Clutch Lubrication
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing vehicle torque converters face challenges with high clutch response times and slip control variation in two-pass systems, while three-pass systems require complex hydraulic control and incur additional costs, and may experience heat issues due to insufficient lubrication.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of sealed piston apparatus with one-way seals and orifices in the torque converter, which reduces the number of fluid passes required, enhances clutch response, improves slip control, and simplifies hydraulic control by allowing fluid circulation and lubrication, thereby reducing costs and heat generation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a two-pass torque converter system is used, then the structure is simpler, but the clutch response time is high and slip control variation is poor
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the fluid circulation path into multiple passes (first pass, second pass, third pass) with distinct functions. The first pass provides clutch actuation, the second pass provides lubrication through the clutch pack, and the third pass returns fluid to the pump. This segmentation allows the system to achieve fast clutch response while maintaining simple overall structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a balance plate as an intermediary component that directs fluid flow between chambers. The balance plate with its orifices and passages mediates the fluid distribution to achieve both rapid clutch engagement and continuous lubrication without requiring complex external control systems.
2Loss of time
If a three-pass torque converter system is used, then clutch response and slip control are improved, but hydraulic control becomes complex and costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The torque converter system performs self-service through its inherent three-pass fluid circulation. The fluid automatically follows the designated paths through the pump, clutch chambers, and clutch pack lubrication points without requiring external hydraulic control systems. The system uses its own operating fluid to achieve both actuation and lubrication functions.
Solution Approach 2:
The transmission fluid serves multiple functions simultaneously: it acts as the actuating medium for clutch engagement, provides lubrication to the clutch pack, and facilitates heat transfer. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate hydraulic control systems and reduces overall system complexity.
3Loss of time
If a three-pass torque converter system is used, then clutch response is improved, but heat management and lubrication are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent ensures continuous lubrication and heat management by maintaining constant fluid circulation through the clutch pack during the second pass. The fluid continuously flows through the clutch pack, providing ongoing lubrication and heat transfer, preventing the heat buildup and lubrication insufficiency that occur in systems with interrupted fluid flow.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution improves clutch performance by reducing clutch response time and slip variation, simplifies hydraulic control, and decreases costs associated with complex transmission systems, while providing effective lubrication and heat management.
Implementation Method 1
The first seal is a one-way seal configured to prevent a first flow of the fluid from the first chamber to the second chamber during the lockup on operation... The first seal is configured to provide a flow of a fluid between the first and second chambers during a lockup on operation
Implementation Method 2
an orifice positioned on the piston radially inward relative to a clutch pack of the clutch. The orifice is configured to provide a flow of a fluid between the first and second chambers during a lockup on operation of the vehicle torque converter to lubricate the clutch
Implementation Method 3
a piston in the housing. The piston has a first side partially defining a first chamber and a second side, opposite the first side, partially defining a second chamber
Data Source
AI summary
Sealed piston apparatus and related systems for use with vehicle torque converters are disclosed. A disclosed vehicle torque converter includes a housing and a clutch including a piston in the housing. The piston has a first side partially defining a first chamber and a second side, opposite the first side, partially defining a second chamber. The vehicle torque converter also includes a first seal operatively coupled to the piston and a second seal operatively coupled to the piston. The vehicle torque converter also includes an orifice positioned on the piston radially inward relative to a clutch pack of the clutch. The orifice is configured to provide a flow of a fluid between the first and second chambers during a lockup on operation of the vehicle torque converter to lubricate the clutch. The first seal is a one-way seal.