Sealed Liquid-Cooled Server Housing for Water-Based Data Center Cooling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing liquid-cooled server systems face issues such as high energy consumption, risk of internal temperature instability, oxidation of motherboard components, lack of modularity, limited scalability, and reliance on proprietary and environmentally hazardous coolants.
Innovation Solution
A liquid-cooling server system using a coolant tank structure with a trough-shaped sealed liner, adjustable power-signal bridge, and suspended server configuration, employing ordinary water as coolant, and incorporating temperature sensors and a modular design for efficient heat dissipation and environmental sustainability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by stationary object
If conventional air cooling methods are used, then the system structure is simple, but the energy consumption is high and heat dissipation efficiency is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements liquid cooling by circulating coolant through heat exchange pipes directly contacting server components, replacing conventional air cooling systems. This hydraulic approach enables superior heat dissipation efficiency and lower energy consumption despite increased system complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The system utilizes phase change heat exchange where coolant absorbs heat from servers and releases it through evaporation and condensation cycles in the heat exchange unit, enabling highly efficient thermal management with reduced energy consumption
2Temperature
If overhead spray cooling is used, then the cooling coverage is improved, but the electrical energy consumption increases and temperature stability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The system employs continuous liquid circulation through pumped coolant flow rather than spray mechanisms, providing stable thermal conditions without the energy consumption and temperature fluctuations associated with pump-controlled spray systems
Solution Approach 2:
The coolant system operates autonomously with natural convection and phase change driving the heat exchange process, minimizing the need for high-power pumping and electrical control while maintaining temperature stability
3Temperature
If immersion cooling with oxidizing coolant is used, then the heat dissipation efficiency is improved, but the motherboard lifespan is reduced due to oxidation
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses deionized water as coolant which is chemically inert to electronic components, eliminating oxidation damage while maintaining effective heat dissipation. The coolant circulates in a controlled environment that prevents corrosive reactions with motherboard components
Solution Approach 2:
The coolant circulates through external heat exchange pipes and radiators rather than direct immersion, allowing efficient heat transfer while isolating electronic components from potential chemical damage to the coolant
4Reliability
If all server components are consolidated on a single motherboard, then the system integration is improved, but the reliability deteriorates due to lack of modularity
Solution Approach 1:
The system divides server components into modular units that can be independently cooled and managed. The liquid cooling system provides separate cooling zones for different component types, enabling modular replacement and maintenance without total system failure
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system achieves low-carbon, energy-saving operation with stable temperature control, modular scalability, and reduced environmental impact, while minimizing reliance on air conditioning and ensuring component safety.
Implementation Method 1
The basic principle of liquid cooling involves using a cooling medium to directly remove heat from heat-generating components within the server
Implementation Method 2
a liquid pump circulates coolant through piping and sprays it from the top of the cabinet
Implementation Method 3
Each server receives coolant independently, which absorbs heat and undergoes a liquid-to-gas phase transition
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention discloses a server liquid-cooling system. Conventional server cooling methods in data centers, such as air cooling, often suffer from high energy consumption and excessive noise. Existing liquid-cooling technologies, such as spray-type systems, are power-intensive, while immersion-type systems are prone to oxidation. Additionally, some liquid-cooling systems feature rigid configurations with limited adaptability. The liquid-cooling server system disclosed herein comprises a coolant liquid tank structure and a liquid-cooled server. The server has a flat, box-shaped configuration, with internal electrical and functional components sealed in an enclosure filled with nitrogen gas. The server is suspended within a server mounting rack inside the coolant liquid tank via T-shaped guide slot and positioning handle. Natural water is used as the cooling medium. This system is primarily intended for server cooling in large-scale data centers, as it enables high-density deployment and offers advantages including low power consumption, enhanced safety, stability, and broad applicability.