Secure Multiparty Computation Protocol for Privacy-Preserving Data Retrieval
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing secure multiparty computation protocols face challenges in protecting the privacy of the target object's ID during the evaluation process, as the exposure of the ID poses a risk of leaking the object's privacy.
Innovation Solution
Implementing an Oblivious Transfer protocol or Private Information Retrieval protocol between servers to obtain a ciphertext corresponding to the target object ID while concealing the ID from the data source servers, using homomorphic encryption, secret sharing, or garbled circuit methods to ensure privacy protection.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the evaluator party sends the target object ID to data source servers to retrieve data for secure multiparty computation, then the evaluation process can be executed, but the target object ID is exposed to data source servers causing privacy leakage risk
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the target object ID into multiple shares using secret sharing technology. Each share is distributed to different data source servers, and no single server possesses the complete ID. This allows the evaluation process to proceed while preventing any individual server from learning the full target object ID, thus resolving the contradiction between enabling evaluation and protecting privacy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary mechanism where data source servers operate on encrypted or shared representations of the target object ID rather than the plain ID itself. The servers process ciphertexts or shares as intermediaries, enabling the evaluation function to be computed without direct exposure to the actual target object ID, thereby maintaining both evaluation reliability and privacy protection.
2Loss of information
If the target object ID is concealed from data source servers using encryption or secret sharing, then privacy is protected, but the complexity of the protocol increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies secret sharing or encryption to the target object ID before the evaluation process begins. This preliminary action prepares the ID in a protected form (shares or ciphertexts) that can be distributed to data source servers. By performing the privacy protection setup in advance, the actual evaluation protocol can proceed with pre-prepared inputs, reducing the complexity of real-time privacy-preserving operations during the evaluation phase.
Data Source
AI summary
Privacy protection methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, are provided. One of the methods is performed by a first computing device and includes: obtaining a plurality of object IDs, wherein the plurality of object IDs include a target object ID; sending the plurality of object IDs to a second computing device storing a plurality of pieces of data respectively associated with the plurality of object IDs for the second computing device to generate a plurality of ciphertexts respectively based on the plurality of pieces of data; and executing a cryptography protocol with the second computing device to obtain a ciphertext corresponding to the target object ID from the plurality of ciphertexts generated by the second computing device, wherein the target object ID is unknown to the second computing device.