Secure Quantum Repeater Communication Using Encrypted Ciphertext
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Solution Overview
Problem
Quantum communication between two distant points is limited by line losses, preventing its widespread application on a large scale.
Innovation Solution
A secure repeater-based quantum communication method and network that employs multiple repeater nodes to transmit encrypted ciphertext in the form of single photons, using quantum communication protocols and classical ciphers to ensure security and detect eavesdropping, allowing long-distance communication without decrypting at intermediate nodes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Length of stationary object
If quantum communication is performed between two distant points, then communication distance is extended, but line losses increase and prevent successful transmission
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the long-distance quantum communication channel into multiple shorter segments by introducing repeater nodes at intermediate positions. Each segment operates within the maximum communication distance limit, avoiding excessive line losses. The repeater nodes perform local operations to extend the overall communication distance while maintaining transmission quality in each segment.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces repeater nodes as intermediary elements between the transmitter and receiver. These repeater nodes receive quantum signals from one segment, perform necessary operations (such as measurement and classical communication), and forward the information to the next segment, thereby enabling long-distance communication without direct transmission over the entire distance.
2Length of stationary object
If repeater nodes are used to extend communication distance, then line loss limitations are overcome, but security risks increase due to potential eavesdropping at intermediate nodes
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the traditional trusted repeater model with a quantum measurement-based repeater model. Instead of relying on the security of physical devices at intermediate nodes, the system uses quantum measurement outcomes and classical communication to achieve secure transmission. The security is guaranteed by quantum mechanics principles rather than trust in intermediate devices.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements feedback mechanisms where repeater nodes perform measurements on quantum states and communicate the measurement results classically to the transmitter and receiver. This feedback loop enables the legitimate parties to verify the security of the transmission and detect any eavesdropping attempts, maintaining security even with intermediate nodes involved.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables long-distance quantum communication by overcoming distance limitations and enhancing security through on-the-fly decryption, reducing the risk of information leakage and eliminating the need for trusted repeater nodes.
Implementation Method 1
encoding, by the transmitter, the first encoded ciphertext to single photons
Implementation Method 2
transmitting, by the transmitter, the single photons to a first repeater node connected to the transmitter through a quantum communication protocol
Implementation Method 3
obtaining, by the first repeater node, the first encoded ciphertext based on the first single photon
Implementation Method 4
obtaining, by the transmitter, a first eavesdropping detection bit error rate, the first eavesdropping detection bit error rate representing a security in quantum communication
Data Source
AI summary
The present application provides a secure repeater-based quantum communication method and communication network. Said method comprises a transmitter encrypting plaintext information to be sent, to obtain ciphertext; the transmitter sending the ciphertext to a repeater node by means of a quantum communication protocol, so as to send the ciphertext to a receiver by means of at least one repeater node; and after receiving the ciphertext, the receiver decrypting the ciphertext to obtain the plaintext information. The ciphertext is transmitted step by step by means of the at least one repeater node, which is not limited to the distance between the transmitter and the receiver, so that the ciphertext can be transmitted over a long distance. Furthermore, before arriving at the receiver, the plaintext information is transmitted in the form of a ciphertext and is decrypted on the fly, thereby reducing the risk of information being eavesdropped, improving the security.