Multilayer Security Document Anti-Manipulation Film Structure
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing security documents can be manipulated or forged by abrading the substrate to remove or replace the film element and its protective layer, allowing for the reapplication of new data, which poses a challenge in protecting the integrity of the information displayed.
Innovation Solution
A security document featuring a carrier substrate with at least one first film element exhibiting a diffractive relief structure and a second film element with a diffractive relief structure, where the first printing ink layer is applied to both the film element and the substrate, ensuring that information is embedded between the film elements and protected from manipulation, requiring significant technical effort to access or reproduce.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a single film element with hologram is used on the substrate, then the security document displays optically variable effects, but the document can be manipulated by abrading the substrate to remove and replace the film element
Solution Approach 1:
The security document is divided into multiple functional layers: a substrate layer with printed information, a first transparent film element with diffractive relief structure, a first printing ink layer applied to both substrate and film element, and a second transparent film element. This segmentation creates a multi-layered structure where information is distributed across different layers, making manipulation difficult as removing one layer does not remove all information.
Solution Approach 2:
The first printing ink layer is applied both to the substrate and to the first film element, creating a nested arrangement where information exists in multiple locations within the document structure. The second film element is then applied over the first film element, creating a nested multi-layer configuration that protects embedded information from being accessed by simple substrate abrasion.
2Illumination intensity
If the film element is made transparent to display hologram, then optically variable effects are achieved, but the film element can be lifted off and reapplied to manipulated substrates
Solution Approach 1:
The first printing ink layer merges the information display function with the security protection function by being applied to both the substrate and the first film element. This combining ensures that information is embedded within the film element itself rather than just on the substrate, making it difficult to separate the film element from its associated information.
Solution Approach 2:
The first film element has different properties in different regions: it maintains transparency in areas where holographic display is needed, while having printing ink applied to specific regions to provide localized information embedding. This local differentiation allows the film to serve multiple functions simultaneously - optical display and security protection.
3Loss of information
If printing ink is applied only to the substrate, then data can be clearly displayed, but the data can be accessed and manipulated by removing the film element
Solution Approach 1:
The first printing ink layer is applied to the first film element in advance, before the second film element is applied over it. This preliminary action embeds the information within the multi-layer structure, protecting it from subsequent manipulation attempts that would need to remove multiple layers to access the information.
Solution Approach 2:
The first film element acts as an intermediary layer between the substrate and the second film element, with the first printing ink layer applied to it serving as a protected information layer. This intermediary arrangement protects the printed information from direct access while still allowing optical variables to be displayed through the transparent film.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively safeguards the information by embedding it between two film elements, making it difficult to remove or manipulate, thereby enhancing the security of the document against counterfeiting and manipulation attempts.
Implementation Method 1
a first optically variable effect generated by a diffractive first relief structure
Data Source
Figure 1a~1b
AI summary
The invention relates to a security document (10) comprising a carrier substrate (1) and at least one first film element (2) that is fixed to the carrier substrate (1) and which has a first optically variable effect produced by a diffractive first relief structure. Said security document (10) also comprises at least one first printed ink layer (5) that is applied, at least in parts, to the at least one first film element, and at least one second film element (3). The invention also relates to a method for producing said type of security document (10).