Sedation Device Adjustable Deadspace Volume
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing sedation devices face challenges in reducing deadspace volume without increasing air resistance, which can lead to respiratory stress and require costly manufacturing of multiple sizes for different patients, while also failing to adequately manage CO2 concentration and volatile sedative delivery.
Innovation Solution
The sedation device incorporates adjustable inserts within the housing to vary the internal deadspace volume, minimizing flow resistance and allowing adaptation for different patient sizes, while maintaining effective volatile sedative delivery and moisture reflection, with optional features like drug delivery and sensing capabilities.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If the deadspace volume of the sedation device is reduced, then CO2 concentration in rebreathed air decreases, but air resistance increases making it difficult for patients to exhale
Solution Approach 1:
The housing is segmented into multiple chambers (first chamber for incoming air, second chamber for exhaled air) separated by a partition with a window. This segmentation allows the device to manage different air flows separately while maintaining an optimized deadspace volume, reducing CO2 rebreathing without creating excessive air resistance in a compact space.
Solution Approach 2:
The partition with its window is nested within the housing structure, creating an efficient use of space. The window within the partition allows gas exchange between chambers while the overall compact nested design minimizes deadspace volume without requiring a larger external housing that would increase air resistance.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If the sedation device is made smaller to reduce deadspace, then CO2 management improves, but the filter size is reduced adversely affecting moisture and sedative reflection
Solution Approach 1:
The partition is positioned specifically within the housing to create optimal local flow conditions. By strategically placing the partition with its window, the device achieves effective CO2 management in a localized area while maintaining sufficient space for the filter to perform its moisture and sedative reflection functions adequately.
Solution Approach 2:
The partition acts as an intermediary structure between the incoming air chamber and exhaled air chamber. It mediates the gas exchange through its window while allowing the filter to maintain its position and function effectively, thus preserving moisture and sedative reflection capabilities even in a compact device design.
3Adaptability or versatility
If separate sedation devices in multiple sizes are manufactured to accommodate different patients, then adaptability to different lung capacities improves, but manufacturing cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The sedation device incorporates an adjustable deadspace mechanism that allows a single universal device design to be adapted for different patient requirements. The partition with its adjustable window or removable components enables the same housing to provide different deadspace volumes, eliminating the need to manufacture multiple size variants while maintaining adaptability to different lung capacities.
Solution Approach 2:
The device incorporates adjustable or removable partition elements that allow the deadspace volume to be dynamically modified based on patient needs. This dynamic adjustment capability is built into a single device design, providing versatility for different patients without requiring multiple static size variants, thus reducing manufacturing complexity and cost.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution allows for customizable deadspace volume adjustment to suit various patients, reducing manufacturing costs and ensuring efficient CO2 management and sedative delivery, while maintaining air flow efficiency and patient safety.
Implementation Method 1
a filter mounted between the ventilator chamber and the patient chamber forming a common gas-permeable dividing wall
Implementation Method 2
filters of different media can also serve to retain the moisture exhaled by the patient
Implementation Method 3
Different absorbent or reflective media can be used in the filter to reflect additional exhalants, such as volatile anaesthetics or sedatives, back to the patient
Implementation Method 4
an evaporator mounted within the patient chamber for delivery of a volatile sedative into the patient chamber
Data Source
Figure 1~2
Figure 3~4
Figure 5
AI summary
A sedation device (1) comprises a housing (2) having a ventilator chamber (3) and an associated patient chamber (4) in communication with the ventilator chamber (3). A filter (5) is mounted between the ventilator chamber (3) and the patient chamber (4) and forms a common gas-permeable dividing wall between the ventilator chamber (3) and the patient chamber (4). An inlet port (6) is provided on the ventilator chamber (3) for connection via a Y-piece to a ventilator. An outlet port (9) of the patient chamber (4) connects via a patient breathing tube (10) with a patient. Means for varying the internal deadspace volume of the housing (2) comprises an associated pair of inserts (14, 15). One or both of these inserts (14, 15) are mounted within the housing (2) to vary the internal deadspace volume of the housing (2) as required to suit different patients.