Seedless Grapevine Breeding for Early Muscat Table Grapes
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing grapevine cultivars lack early-ripening, white seedless table grapes with superior fruit characteristics such as small, soft seed traces, looser clusters, and muscat flavor, which are not adequately addressed by current cultivars like 'Sugraone' and 'SV21-66-158'.
Innovation Solution
Development of a new grapevine cultivar 'SV34-130-197', resulting from a cross between 'SV16-72-83' and 'SV21-66-158', which produces early-ripening, white seedless grapes with small, soft seed traces, looser clusters, and muscat flavor, and is propagated by cuttings and grafted to 'Freedom' rootstock.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If grapevine cultivar 'Sugraone' is used, then seedless fruit is produced, but seed traces are large and partially lignified
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by developing a new cultivar 'SV34-130-197' through controlled breeding between parent vines, specifically modifying the seed trace characteristics to produce small, soft, non-lignified seed traces while maintaining the seedless fruit quality. This represents a fundamental change in the genetic parameters of the grapevine to achieve the desired seed trace properties.
2Shape
If grapevine cultivar 'SV21-66-158' is used, then fruit clusters are compact, but they are too dense and compact
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the cluster density parameter by breeding cultivar 'SV34-130-197' to produce looser, less compact fruit clusters compared to parent 'SV21-66-158'. This parameter change improves ease of operation during harvest while maintaining attractive cluster formation and fruit quality.
3Speed
If late-ripening cultivars are grown, then fruit characteristics can be developed, but early-ripening white seedless grapes are not available
Solution Approach 1:
The patent achieves early ripening (July harvest) by fundamentally changing the genetic parameters of the grapevine cultivar 'SV34-130-197' while simultaneously maintaining superior fruit characteristics including white seedless berries, small soft seed traces, and muscat flavor. This represents a multi-parameter optimization achieved through selective breeding.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs preliminary action through controlled pollination and embryo culture techniques to pre-select and propagate the desired early-ripening traits. By harvesting ovules 42 days after pollination and culturing embryos in the laboratory, the breeders were able to selectively develop and propagate the early-ripening characteristic before field planting.
4Productivity
If conventional breeding methods are used, then existing cultivars are maintained, but new cultivars with superior characteristics are not produced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by using in-vitro embryo culture technology to pre-select and propagate superior traits before field deployment. By culturing embryos in the laboratory and selecting promising seedlings for field planting, the breeders efficiently developed cultivar 'SV34-130-197' with enhanced productivity and adaptability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite genetic structure by crossing two different parent cultivars ('SV16-72-83' and 'SV21-66-158') to combine their desirable traits. The resulting cultivar 'SV34-130-197' integrates characteristics from both parents including early ripening, seedless fruit, small soft seed traces, and muscat flavor, representing a composite improvement over either parent alone.
Data Source
AI summary
A new and distinct variety of grapevine plant named ‘SV34-130-197’ particularly characterized by its cylindrical-shaped, very crisp berries that have a muscat flavor and which ripen in early July in the McFarland, California area.