Segment Routing Extension Headers for IPv6 Packet Forwarding
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Solution Overview
Problem
Native IPv6 networks lack support for segment routing functionality, as they do not explicitly support segment routing forwarding operations, limiting the ability to forward packets using segment IDs in these networks.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of segment routing in native IP networks involves modifying the IPv6 data plane to encode a list of segments in the packet header using SR extension headers, allowing packets to be forwarded based on segment IDs, and using SR trace headers for operation, administration, and management functions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If segment routing functionality is implemented in native IPv6 networks, then packet forwarding efficiency and routing capabilities are improved, but device complexity and data plane modification requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the routing function into discrete segments by introducing segment IDs that represent specific network nodes or paths. Packets carry a segment list that is processed hop-by-hop, allowing the routing function to be segmented and executed at different network points rather than requiring end-to-end complex routing logic in each node.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces segment IDs as intermediary elements that mediate between the packet and the routing decision. Instead of requiring complex routing tables and decision logic in each IPv6 node, the segment IDs act as simplified intermediaries that guide packet forwarding through the network.
2Adaptability or versatility
If segment routing extension headers are added to IPv6 packets, then routing control and management capabilities are enhanced, but packet header size and processing overhead increase
Solution Approach 1:
The segment routing extension header is nested within the existing IPv6 packet structure as an extension header. This allows the segment routing information to be embedded within the standard packet format without replacing or fundamentally altering the core IPv6 header structure, maintaining compatibility while adding functionality.
Solution Approach 2:
The segment list in the extension header is designed to be dynamically processed - nodes pop segment IDs from the list as they forward packets, and the header is updated accordingly. This dynamic modification allows the routing control information to be compact and adaptable to different network paths without requiring fixed, oversized headers.
Data Source
AI summary
A system and method are disclosed for using segment routing (SR) in native IP networks. The method involves receiving a packet. The packet is an IP packet and includes an IP header. The method also involves updating the packet. Updating the packet involves writing information, including a segment routing segment identifier, to the destination address of the packet.