Segmented Antenna Coils for Implantable Pulse Generators
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current implantable pulse generators (IPGs) face challenges in achieving optimal inductive wireless power transfer and communication due to coil placement and the conducting properties of their housings, leading to increased implantation depth and reduced performance.
Innovation Solution
Designing an antenna with multiple coils, each with several windings, arranged in a configuration that allows for minimal distance to the skin regardless of orientation, and integrating these coils within a non-conductive header part of the IPG, optimizing inductive wireless power transfer and near-field magnetic induction communication.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Volume of moving object
If the coil is placed in the IPG header attached to the IPG housing, then the IPG size is reduced and charging/communication performance is improved, but the implantation depth increases and the distance between the coil and skin increases
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna system is segmented into multiple coils (first antenna coil and second antenna coil) that can be independently positioned. The first coil is placed in the header while the second coil is positioned on the IPG housing, allowing the system to achieve both compact integration and optimal skin proximity through distributed coil placement.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from a single-coil planar arrangement to a three-dimensional multi-coil configuration. By positioning coils at different spatial locations (in header and on housing) and orientations, the system achieves optimal coupling coefficient while maintaining compact IPG footprint.
2Shape
If the coil is placed in the IPG header, then the IPG form factor is optimized, but the distance between the coil and skin increases reducing wireless charging performance
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna function is segmented between two coils: the first coil in the header provides structural integration while the second coil on the housing provides optimal skin coupling. This segmentation allows each coil to fulfill its specific function without compromising the other.
Solution Approach 2:
The second antenna coil acts as an intermediary element that bridges the gap between the header-coil configuration and optimal skin proximity. It receives energy from the first coil and transfers it to the skin, ensuring reliable wireless charging while maintaining compact form factor.
3Strength
If a conductive housing is used, then structural integrity is maintained, but the usable frequency band is restricted and charging performance is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The non-conductive header acts as an intermediary between the conductive housing and the antenna coils. It provides a electrically isolated mounting surface that allows the coils to operate at multiple frequency bands without interference from the conductive housing, while still maintaining structural integrity through the header's mechanical support.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies different material properties to different regions: the housing remains conductive for structural integrity, while the header is made non-conductive to enable flexible frequency operation. This local differentiation allows the system to simultaneously achieve mechanical strength and electromagnetic versatility.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances the coupling coefficient of the inductive wireless link, improving both charging and communication performance, and allows for better neuromodulation and neurostimulation outcomes by maintaining a minimal distance to the skin and optimizing the use of available space within the IPG housing.
Implementation Method 1
the antenna being configured for inductive wireless power transfer and/or near-field magnetic induction (NFMI) communication
Implementation Method 2
the antenna being configured for inductive wireless power transfer and/or near-field magnetic induction (NFMI) communication
Data Source
AI summary
An antenna for an implantable medical device, the antenna being configured for inductive wireless power transfer and/or near-field magnetic induction communication, the antenna comprising at least one coil or at least one set of coils, each coil comprising several windings. Furthermore, the present disclosure relates to an implantable medical device (IMD).