Segmented Breechblock Design to Reduce Bolt Drive Forces
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing externally powered machine guns face challenges with large forces acting on the bolt drive during bolt unlocking and cartridge case extraction, which can strain the drive mechanism.
Innovation Solution
The bolt and weapon barrel take over the unlocking and extraction of the cartridge case using the recoil energy of the weapon, minimizing the forces on the bolt drive by separating the bolt head from the bolt carrier during recoil and reconnecting them during the forward movement of the recoiling masses.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the bolt drive is used to unlock the bolt and extract the cartridge case, then the bolt drive must withstand large forces during these operations, but this strains the drive mechanism and reduces its reliability
Solution Approach 1:
The invention separates the bolt into two independently movable parts: the bolt head (with cartridge case) and the bolt carrier (with drive connection). During recoil, these parts move relative to each other, allowing the bolt head to be unlocked and extract the cartridge case independently from the bolt drive, thereby reducing forces on the drive mechanism.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention introduces dynamic relative movement between the bolt head and bolt carrier during recoil. The bolt head can move backward relative to the bolt carrier, enabling the unlocking and extraction functions to occur during the recoil phase rather than during the forward movement phase when the drive is under load.
2Ease of operation
If the bolt head is mechanically connected to the bolt carrier, then the bolt drive can transport the bolt, but large forces are transmitted to the drive during unlocking and extraction
Solution Approach 1:
The bolt is segmented into a bolt head and a bolt carrier that can move relative to each other. The bolt carrier remains connected to the drive for transport, while the bolt head can move independently during recoil to perform unlocking and extraction without transmitting large forces to the drive.
Solution Approach 2:
The bolt carrier acts as an intermediary between the drive and the bolt head. It receives transport forces from the drive while allowing the bolt head to move independently during recoil, thereby mediating the force transmission and protecting the drive from excessive forces during unlocking and extraction.
3Stability of the object's composition
If the bolt is locked to the weapon barrel, then locking is achieved, but the unlocking process requires significant force that strains the bolt drive
Solution Approach 1:
The invention creates a dynamic situation during recoil where the bolt head moves backward relative to the weapon barrel and bolt carrier. This relative movement naturally facilitates unlocking without requiring the bolt drive to apply large forces, while the locking stability is maintained during the forward movement phase when the parts are aligned.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach reduces the forces on the bolt drive, ensuring efficient operation without interference from recoil failures and maintaining weapon functionality, allowing both single and continuous firing modes.
Implementation Method 1
When the returning masses advance, the bolt head is first unlocked from the weapon barrel or chamber, and the cartridge case, which is hooked to the bolt head, is at least partially pulled out of the weapon barrel via the weapon barrel which continues to move forward
Data Source
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AI summary
In order to achieve a reduction or even an elimination of the forces acting on a breechblock drive when unlocking the breechblock (100) and removing a cartridge casing, a breechblock (100) of a weapon system is proposed which is formed at least by a breechblock carrier (1) and a breechblock head (7) and the breechblock carrier (1) supports the breechblock head (2). According to the invention, the breechblock carrier (1) and the breechblock head (2) can be mechanically separated from one another. This separability is achieved with a control sleeve (8) inserted in the breechblock carrier (1), which has at least one control cam (34). In addition, the breechblock head (2) also comprises a control bolt (3) which engages in the control cam (34) of the control sleeve (8) and can be guided in same. In this way, it is achieved that the forces cannot act on the breechblock drive with the recoil of the weapon.