Segmented Control Cam for Jam-Resistant Handgun Bolt
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Solution Overview
Problem
Self-loading handguns often experience issues with sand, dust, and mud accumulation, leading to jamming and reduced propellant effectiveness due to oil contamination, which can result in 'floppy shots' under adverse conditions.
Innovation Solution
The locking mechanism is enhanced by dividing the unlocking control edge into three sections with increasing angles of inclination, utilizing residual gas pressure to accelerate the bolt carrier, and incorporating a U-shaped design to secure the control bolt, ensuring efficient unlocking and reloading.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If the handgun is kept ready to fire for extended periods without cleaning, then operational readiness is improved, but sand, dust, and mud accumulate in the mechanism causing malfunctions
Solution Approach 1:
The control cam is divided into multiple edge sections (first, second, third unlocking edge sections and fourth, fifth locking edge sections) with different functions. Each section handles a specific phase of the bolt head rotation, distributing the unlocking and locking tasks across segmented functional zones to improve overall system reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The control cam edges are designed with varying angles of inclination that change dynamically during the bolt carrier's recoil movement. The angle increases from the first to the third unlocking edge section, creating a progressive rotational acceleration that adapts to the changing energy conditions during the self-loading process.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If the barrel is heavily oiled to prevent contamination, then protection against sand and dust is improved, but oil can enter the cartridge and render propellant ineffective
Solution Approach 1:
Different parts of the control cam have different geometric properties. The first unlocking edge section has a shallow angle for smooth engagement, while subsequent sections have steeper angles for accelerated rotation. This local differentiation of geometric quality optimizes performance at each stage of the unlocking process.
3Ease of operation
If the bolt carrier recoils slowly due to accumulated impurities, then the weapon can be operated, but the recoiling bolt is slowed down too much causing malfunctions
Solution Approach 1:
The angle of inclination of the control cam edges is changed as a parameter to optimize the unlocking process. The angles increase progressively from the first to the third unlocking edge section, transforming the energy transfer characteristics to ensure reliable bolt head rotation even when the bolt carrier's recoil speed is reduced by contamination.
4Ease of manufacture
If a simple locking control system is used, then manufacturing is easier, but the system may not be well adapted to energy conditions during self-loading
Solution Approach 1:
The control cam edges are designed with varying angles of inclination that create dynamic rotational acceleration of the bolt head. This dynamic design adapts to the changing energy conditions during the self-loading process, ensuring reliable operation without requiring complex additional mechanisms.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution optimizes the unlocking process, reducing jamming and maintaining firing accuracy even under dirty conditions, with improved energy transfer and reduced friction, allowing for reliable operation in harsh environments.
Implementation Method 1
a residual gas pressure, harmless to safety, remains in the chamber and barrel. This residual gas pressure further accelerates the cartridge case, which has ejected from the chamber, along with the already recoiling bolt head and control bolt, backwards.
Data Source
Figure 1~2
Figure 3
Figure 4a~4b
AI summary
Lockable and unlockable self-loading handgun with a reciprocating bolt carrier (18) having a control cam (40) into which a control pin (36) fixedly connected to a bolt head (20) engages, wherein: - a release control edge (50) of the control cam (40) is essentially composed of two intersecting straight edge sections (52, 54) of different inclinations (α, β) and a subsequent curved third edge section (56) of even greater inclination; - a locking control edge (60) of the control cam (40) is essentially composed of two edge sections (62, 64) which run parallel to the straight edge sections of the release control edge (50); and - the control cam has at its release-side end a circular arc-shaped edge section (70) whose longitudinally elongated (Δd) longitudinal diameter is longer than the The diameter of the control bolt (36) is (Fig. 10).