Segmented Drug Balloon Catheter for Controlled Release
Solution Overview
Problem
Current drug balloons for treating cardiovascular diseases face issues with inconsistent blood vessel diameters, leading to overexpansion and vessel damage, as well as a single drug release rate causing toxic reactions or inadequate drug concentration at the lesion site, with existing coatings being easily washed away and having a short duration of action.
Innovation Solution
A novel drug balloon catheter with a three-stage drug coating structure, comprising different release rates and materials such as active drugs, adhesives, sustained-release agents, and polyol substances, where the mPEG-PLGA copolymer molecular weights are adjusted to control drug release, preventing toxic reactions and prolonging treatment effectiveness.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If the balloon expansion diameter is increased to treat the larger end of the conical blood vessel, then the treatment coverage is improved, but the smaller end of the blood vessel is torn due to overexpansion
Solution Approach 1:
The balloon is divided into multiple sections with different expansion diameters to match the conical shape of the blood vessel, allowing each section to expand to the appropriate diameter for its location without causing overexpansion or tearing
Solution Approach 2:
Different sections of the balloon are designed with different expansion characteristics to match the local requirements of different blood vessel segments, with the larger end receiving greater expansion force and the smaller end receiving less
2Device complexity
If a single drug release rate is used in the drug coating, then the coating structure is simple, but toxic reactions occur due to drug accumulation at downstream or inadequate drug concentration at the lesion site
Solution Approach 1:
The drug coating is divided into multiple segments with different drug-loading densities and release rates, allowing controlled drug delivery to different locations along the blood vessel to prevent toxic accumulation while ensuring adequate concentration at the lesion site
Solution Approach 2:
Different sections of the coating are designed with locally optimized drug release characteristics, with higher drug concentration and faster release at the lesion site and lower concentration with slower release at downstream locations
3Reliability
If the drug release rate is increased to maintain adequate drug concentration at the lesion site, then the treatment effectiveness is improved, but toxic reactions are aggravated due to drug accumulation at downstream
Solution Approach 1:
The coating is segmented into different drug release zones that control the distribution and timing of drug release, ensuring high concentration at the lesion site while limiting downstream accumulation through controlled release rates in each segment
4Reliability
If the drug coating is designed with larger particle size and higher drug content to improve treatment effect, then the drug concentration at lesion site is increased, but the risk of blocking the blood vessel is increased
Solution Approach 1:
The particle size and drug content parameters are optimized within specific ranges to achieve adequate drug concentration at the lesion site while maintaining particles small enough to prevent vascular occlusion
5Object-affected harmful factors
If the drug coating is made with smaller particle size to reduce blocking risk, then the vessel blocking risk is reduced, but the coating is easily washed away in blood flow, reducing treatment effect
Solution Approach 1:
The coating uses composite material composition with appropriate particle size distribution and binding agents that provide adequate adhesion to resist blood flow washing while maintaining particles small enough to prevent vascular blocking
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The catheter effectively controls drug release, preventing vessel tearing, reducing restenosis, and maintaining drug concentration over time, thereby enhancing the treatment's long-term effectiveness and reducing the risk of toxic reactions.
Implementation Method 1
a drug balloon catheter capable of controlling drug release... different release rates and materials such as active drugs, adhesives, sustained-release agents, and polyol substances... where the mPEG-PLGA copolymer molecular weights are adjusted to control drug release
Data Source
AI summary
The present application provides a novel drug balloon catheter capable of controlling drug release, comprising a balloon, a catheter, and a drug coating, and wherein a surface of the balloon is coated with the drug coating, and the drug coating is divided into a first drug coating, a second drug coating, and a third drug coating; and release rates of a drug in the first drug coating, the second drug coating, and the third drug coating are different. By controlling a drug release period, a problem of a toxic reaction caused by a downstream blood vessel is solved, while the drug release period is prolonged, thereby effectively treating a blood vessel tear caused by over-dilation and improving a long-term effectiveness of a drug treatment.