Radially Segmented Electrode Arrays for Deep Brain Stimulation
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Deep brain stimulation devices face challenges in achieving precise radial selectivity of current, leading to unwanted stimulation of neighboring neural tissue and prolonged therapeutic effects due to the radial symmetry of traditional ring electrodes, which are not optimally aligned with asymmetric or offset target structures in the brain.
Innovation Solution
The use of radially segmented electrode arrays and innovative marking systems, such as marking stripes or colored cables, on the lead to facilitate precise alignment and positioning of electrodes relative to the target tissue, allowing for radial adjustment and three-dimensional current steering.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If traditional ring electrodes are used, then the device structure is simple, but radial selectivity of current is minimal leading to unwanted stimulation of neighboring neural tissue
Solution Approach 1:
The electrode array is divided into multiple radially segmented electrodes instead of using a single continuous ring electrode. This segmentation allows selective activation of specific radial sectors, improving radial selectivity and reducing stimulation of unwanted neural tissue while maintaining a relatively simple overall device structure.
Solution Approach 2:
Different radial sectors of the electrode array are configured with different electrode configurations to provide localized stimulation properties. This allows the device to deliver current with directional selectivity, concentrating stimulation in specific radial directions while minimizing spread to neighboring tissue, thus reducing harmful side effects.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If radially segmented electrode arrays are used, then radial selectivity of current is improved, but the lead positioning and alignment precision requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
Alignment features such as marking stripes and keyed structures are pre-configured on the lead and aligning member during manufacturing. These features establish the correct radial orientation before the lead is inserted into the brain, eliminating the need for complex post-insertion alignment procedures and reducing the precision requirements during the surgical procedure.
Solution Approach 2:
An aligning member with complementary alignment features acts as an intermediary between the radially segmented electrode array and the target tissue. This intermediary component facilitates precise radial alignment by providing mechanical guidance and reference markers, thereby reducing the direct precision requirements for positioning the electrodes themselves.
3Manufacturing precision
If marking systems are added to facilitate alignment, then electrode positioning precision is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
Visual marking systems using colored cables or stripes are incorporated into the lead structure. These markings provide clear visual references for alignment during surgery without requiring complex mechanical or electronic systems. The use of color-coded indicators simplifies the alignment process while adding minimal complexity to the overall device.
Solution Approach 2:
The marking system is segmented into discrete, simple features such as individual colored cables or stripes positioned at specific locations on the lead. This segmentation allows for easy manufacturing and integration while providing sufficient alignment information. The modular nature of these markings keeps the system simple yet effective.
Data Source
Figure 1A~1B
Figure 2
Figure 3A~3D
AI summary
A device for brain stimulation includes a lead having a longitudinal surface, a proximal end and a distal end. A plurality of electrodes are disposed along the longitudinal surface of the lead near the distal end of the lead. At least one marker is disposed on the longitudinal surface of the lead. The at least one marker is configured and arranged to identify a relative position of the plurality of electrodes.