Segmented Fluid-Filled Footwear Sole for Cushioning and Stability

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing sole structures for footwear lack an efficient design that balances cushioning, support, and durability, particularly in areas like the heel and forefoot regions, while also providing adequate traction and stability during various movements.

Innovation Solution

A sole structure incorporating a fluid-filled bladder with segmented compartments and a ribbed outer sole member, where the bladder segments are formed by bonded barrier layers and an overmold portion, providing varying degrees of cushioning and stability, and the ribbed design enhances traction and support.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a fluid-filled bladder is used in the midsole, then cushioning and durability are improved, but support and stability may be compromised without additional reinforcing structures

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovedurabilityVSAvoidsupport
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The bladder is divided into multiple segmented compartments rather than a single continuous chamber. This segmentation allows each compartment to independently maintain structural integrity while providing cushioning, preventing the bladder from collapsing or deforming excessively under load, thus maintaining both durability and support.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Reinforcing structures are pre-integrated into the bladder construction during manufacturing. These reinforcements are positioned in advance to provide structural support where needed, preventing potential failure modes before they occur during use, and ensuring both cushioning and support functions are maintained.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Reliability

If the bladder is made resilient for cushioning, then comfort is improved, but stability and shape retention deteriorate under applied loads

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovecushioningVSAvoidshape retention
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

Different regions of the bladder are assigned different properties: some areas are designed to be more resilient for cushioning, while other areas incorporate reinforcing structures for shape retention and stability. This localized differentiation allows the bladder to simultaneously provide comfort through cushioning and maintain structural integrity through strategic reinforcement.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The bladder construction combines multiple materials with different properties - the bladder material itself for cushioning resilience, and reinforcing materials with higher structural integrity. This composite approach allows the single component to exhibit both compliant cushioning behavior and rigid shape-retention characteristics in different locations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

3Ease of operation

If the bladder surface is made smooth for comfort, then ease of operation is improved, but traction and stability with the ground surface deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovecomfortVSAvoidtraction
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The bladder surface features local variations in texture: smooth areas contact the foot for comfort, while other areas have textured or patterned surfaces that contact the ground for enhanced traction. This local differentiation resolves the contradiction between comfort and traction by assigning each function to the appropriate surface region.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

4Ease of operation

If the bladder is designed for maximum cushioning compliance, then comfort is improved, but durability and resistance to deformation worsen

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovecomfortVSAvoidresistance to deformation
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

Dividing the bladder into segmented compartments prevents excessive deformation in any single area, as each segment can independently manage local stresses. This segmentation maintains overall compliance for comfort while preventing catastrophic failure modes that would compromise durability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The combination of compliant bladder material with reinforcing structures creates a composite system that exhibits both the softness needed for comfort and the strength needed for durability. The reinforcing elements prevent excessive deformation while the bladder material provides cushioning compliance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The design offers improved cushioning and stability by adapting to different loads, enhances traction through segmented bladder segments and ribbed structures, and increases durability by using a layered construction.

Implementation Method 1

The midsole provides cushioning for the foot and may be partially formed from a polymer foam material that compresses resiliently under an applied load to cushion the foot by attenuating ground-reaction forces

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectResilient compression: Elasticity

Implementation Method 2

The fluid-filled bladders are pressurized with a fluid such as air, and may incorporate tensile members within the bladder to retain the shape of the bladder when compressed resiliently under applied loads

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFluid compression: Compression

Implementation Method 3

a bladder formed from two barrier layers of polymer material that are sealed or bonded together

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectBonding: Adhesive

Implementation Method 4

The fluid-filled bladders are pressurized with a fluid such as air

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure containment: Pressure Increase

Implementation Method 5

The fluid-filled bladders are pressurized with a fluid such as air, and may incorporate tensile members within the bladder to retain the shape of the bladder when compressed resiliently under applied loads

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTensile strength: Tension

Implementation Method 6

the ribbed design enhances traction and support

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFriction: Friction

Data Source

PatentEP4218484B1Sole structure for article of footwear
Publication Date: 2025.11.05 NIKE INNOVATE CV
  • EP4218484B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4218484B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4218484B1 patent drawingFigure 3A

AI summary

An article of footwear comprising: an upper; a sole structure attached to the upper and including a fluid-filled chamber, the fluid-filled chamber including a first portion extending along a medial side of the sole structure, a second portion extending along a lateral side of the sole structure, and a third portion extending between and connecting the first portion and the second portion; and a heel counter extending from a first distal end of the first portion, around a posterior end of the upper, to a second distal end of the second portion.