High-Voltage Circuit Breaker Segmented Gas Blowing Switches
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing high voltage circuit breakers face challenges in withstanding transient recovery voltages during both thermal and dielectric phases without compromising design parameters, and existing solutions are either expensive or limited to lower voltage applications.
Innovation Solution
A circuit breaker design featuring a first gas blowing switch for the thermal phase and a second gas blowing switch with a parallel capacitor for the dielectric phase, where the capacitor directs transient recovery voltage during the dielectric phase, and the switches can contain the same or different gases, with the first switch having a larger blow nozzle diameter for enhanced voltage withstand.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a single breaking chamber is designed to withstand transient recovery voltages during both thermal and dielectric phases, then the design parameters must be compromised, but this leads to suboptimal performance in one or both phases
Solution Approach 1:
The circuit breaker is divided into two separate breaking units (first and second gas-purge switches) that operate in series. The first breaking unit is optimized for the thermal phase with a first breaking chamber, while the second breaking unit is optimized for the dielectric phase with a second breaking chamber. This segmentation allows each chamber to have dedicated optimal design parameters for its specific phase without compromise.
2Reliability
If vacuum interrupters are used for high voltage applications exceeding 245kV, then breaking capability is achieved, but the cost increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces expensive vacuum interrupters with gas-purge switches that use gas-filled breaking chambers. The gas interrupters can be manufactured more economically while still providing the required high voltage breaking capability for applications exceeding 245kV, reducing the overall manufacturing cost of the circuit breaker.
3Ease of manufacture
If gas blow interrupters are used for high voltage applications, then cost is reduced compared to vacuum interrupters, but the design is limited to voltages up to 245kV
Solution Approach 1:
By segmenting the circuit breaker into two series-connected gas-purge switches with dedicated breaking chambers optimized for different phases, the system extends the applicable voltage range beyond 245kV. The series configuration allows each gas interrupter to handle a portion of the total voltage, enabling the use of cost-effective gas blow interrupters in high voltage applications that previously required expensive vacuum interrupters.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design effectively manages transient recovery voltages across both phases, providing a cost-effective solution suitable for high voltage networks, including AIS, GIS, and dead tank types, by optimizing arc management and voltage distribution between the switches.
Implementation Method 1
a capacitor connected in parallel with the second gas blow switch so that during a short-circuit break, the restoration voltage generated by the network essentially applies to the second gas-purge switch during the dielectric phase of the cut
Implementation Method 2
at least a first gas blowing switch arranged in a first interrupting chamber inside said envelope, the first switch comprising a first pair of arcing contacts which can be moved relative to each other in translation in the longitudinal direction of the casing
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2
AI summary
The device (2) has a slide (50) connected to a movable arcing contact (14) via a moving part (18). An actuator is utilized for moving the moving part for separating the arcing contact and a fixed arcing contact (12) of a switch (8). A shape of the slide is designed such that the arcing contacts remain stationary during a period of time while the movable arcing contact of the switch moves relative to the fixed arcing contact during the predetermined period of time.