Segmented Heatable Glazing for RF Transmission and Uniform Heating

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional electrically conductive glazings for vehicles block data transmission, compromising the functionality of navigation and communication devices while also suffering from uneven heating and reduced solar performance due to the absence of coating areas.

Innovation Solution

A heatable glazing with grids and break lines arranged in rows and columns, allowing for improved transmission of electromagnetic radiation and maintaining solar performance by providing multiple current paths for heating, thus avoiding hot spots and optimizing both radio frequency transmission and heating uniformity.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of energy

If an electrically conductive coating is applied to a windshield to reflect infrared radiation and enable heating, then solar performance and heating capability are improved, but transmission of communication signals (GPS, mobile phone, toll collection) is blocked

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinfrared radiation reflectionVSAvoiddata transmission
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSLoss of information

Solution Approach 1:

The continuous electrically conductive coating is divided into multiple separate conductive elements arranged in a grid pattern. The spacing between these elements creates gaps that allow electromagnetic waves in communication frequency ranges to pass through, while the conductive elements remain sufficient to reflect infrared radiation and conduct heating current.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Loss of information

If the electrically conductive coating is divided into segments to allow data transmission, then communication signal transmission is improved, but the coating becomes non-electrically heatable

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata transmissionVSAvoidelectrical heating
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of informationVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

Multiple separate conductive elements are electrically connected through conductive adhesive layers to form a continuous electrical circuit. This merging of discrete elements through the adhesive medium restores electrical continuity, enabling the structure to function as a heating element while maintaining the segmented geometry that allows radio frequency transmission.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Loss of information

If large uncoated areas are provided for data transmission, then electromagnetic radiation transmission is improved, but solar performance is sacrificed

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectromagnetic radiation transmissionVSAvoidsolar performance
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of informationVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The coating structure is designed with locally optimized properties: the conductive elements are spaced and sized to provide sufficient gaps for radio frequency transmission while maintaining adequate coated area for solar control. The grid pattern creates local regions with different optical and electrical properties that collectively achieve both objectives.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution enhances data transmission through a selected frequency range while maintaining approximately 90% of the coated area, reducing hot spots, and achieving uniform heating, outperforming conventional designs in terms of both radio frequency transmission and solar performance.

Implementation Method 1

an electrically conductive coating in a windshield may reflect infrared radiation, to prevent rapid heating of an interior of a vehicle by the sun

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectInfrared radiation reflection: Reflection

Implementation Method 2

may carry electric current for heating the windshield resulting in demisting or defrosting

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Implementation Method 3

provide a means to allow transmission of a predetermined frequency of electromagnetic radiation through a windshield having an electrically conductive coating

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic radiation transmission: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP3068740B1glazing
Publication Date: 2019.08.28 PILKINGTON GRP LTD
  • EP3068740B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3068740B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP3068740B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

The invention relates to a heatable glazing comprising an electrically conductive coating and a data transmission window. The data transmission window comprises a plurality of grids made by ablations in the electrically conductive coating and at least one break line between adjacent grids. At least one of a width "a" of the grids and a distance "b" between adjacent grids is selected to maximise transmission of a predetermined frequency of electromagnetic radiation and to reduce the formation of hot spots. Preferred embodiments conform to a standard size of an ERTICO window and a frequency range from 5 GHz to 6 GHz.