Segmented HVAC Power Circuits for Rail Vehicle Fire Risk

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Solution Overview

Problem

Large public transport vehicles face challenges with air conditioning systems that require high electrical power, posing a significant fire risk due to high voltages and intensities, and existing fire protection measures are bulky and difficult to integrate, especially in rail vehicles.

Innovation Solution

The air conditioning system is divided into subassemblies with lower power levels, each isolated and powered separately, eliminating the need for high-power electrical circuits and reducing the risk of fire, allowing for simpler and lighter fire protection integration.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Power

If high-power electrical circuits are used to power air conditioning systems in large public transport vehicles, then the cooling and heating capacity is sufficient, but the fire risk increases significantly due to high voltages and currents

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrical powerVSAvoidfire risk
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The air conditioning system is divided into multiple independent sub-assemblies, each powered by separate low-power electrical circuits. This segmentation distributes the total power requirement across multiple lower-power circuits, maintaining sufficient cooling and heating capacity while reducing the fire risk associated with high-voltage, high-current single circuits.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Object-affected harmful factors

If heavy and bulky fire protection barriers are installed to prevent fire spread, then the fire safety is improved, but the integration into vehicles becomes difficult due to increased mass and volume

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefire protectionVSAvoidmass of protection barriers
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSWeight of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The air conditioning system is divided into multiple independent sub-assemblies, each powered by separate low-power electrical circuits. This segmentation distributes the total power requirement across multiple lower-power circuits, maintaining sufficient cooling and heating capacity while reducing the fire risk associated with high-voltage, high-current single circuits.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent extracts and removes the need for heavy fire protection barriers by eliminating the high-power electrical circuits that created the fire risk in the first place. By using multiple low-power circuits instead of single high-power circuits, the harmful factor (fire risk) is removed at its source, making heavy protective barriers unnecessary.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Object-affected harmful factors

If air circulation ducts are enlarged to accommodate fire protection barriers, then the fire safety is improved, but the system complexity and space requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefire safetyVSAvoidduct dimensions
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The air conditioning system is divided into multiple independent sub-assemblies, each powered by separate low-power electrical circuits. This segmentation distributes the total power requirement across multiple lower-power circuits, maintaining sufficient cooling and heating capacity while reducing the fire risk associated with high-voltage, high-current single circuits.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent extracts and removes the need for heavy fire protection barriers by eliminating the high-power electrical circuits that created the fire risk in the first place. By using multiple low-power circuits instead of single high-power circuits, the harmful factor (fire risk) is removed at its source, making heavy protective barriers unnecessary.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Data Source

PatentEP4091901B1Air conditioning system, associated assembly and public transport vehicle comprising such an assembly
Publication Date: 2024.12.04 SPEEDINNOV
  • EP4091901B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4091901B1 patent drawingFigure 2

AI summary

The invention relates to an air conditioning system (45), intended to equip a vehicle comprising at least one compartment and configured to regulate the air temperature of said compartment, the system (45) comprising a housing (55) and control devices (60A, 60B, 60C), each control device (60A, 60B, 60C) being configured to modify a parameter of an airflow and being housed in the housing (55).The set of control devices (60A, 60B, 60C) comprises a plurality of subsets (100, 105, 110) each comprising at least one control device (60A, 60B, 60C), the conditioning system (45) comprising, for each subset (100, 105, 110), an electrical circuit (62) for supplying the subset (100, 105, 110), the electrical circuits (62) being isolated from each other, each circuit (62) being configured to be electrically supplied with an electrical supply current generated by an external power source (50) to the housing (55).