Segmented Microfluidic Conduit for Label-Free Particle Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current cell characterization methods, such as flow cytometry and magnetic-bead column selection, require advanced preparation, incur additional costs, and are not portable, making them inefficient for diagnosing diseases and drug discovery, especially when analyzing small cell samples.
Innovation Solution
A device with a segmented microfluidic conduit and nodes that detects particles by monitoring changes in electrical current as they pass through, allowing for real-time analysis and precise detection without the need for exogenous labeling, enabling the detection of particles and cells in a fluid sample.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If traditional flow cytometry and magnetic-bead column selection are used for cell characterization, then detection capability is achieved, but device complexity and preparation requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts and eliminates the need for exogenous labeling reagents and complex preparation steps while retaining the core detection capability. The label-free detection method removes unnecessary components from the traditional workflow, achieving simplified operation without sacrificing measurement precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The system utilizes the intrinsic electrical properties of cells themselves for detection, allowing cells to serve their own detection function without requiring external labels or tags. This self-service approach eliminates the need for additional reagents and simplifies the overall detection process.
2Measurement precision
If exogenous labeling is applied for cell analysis, then detection specificity is improved, but loss of sample and additional costs occur
Solution Approach 1:
The invention removes the exogenous labeling step entirely from the detection process. By detecting cells based on their inherent electrical characteristics rather than external labels, the method eliminates sample loss associated with labeling procedures while maintaining detection specificity through alternative means.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention replaces the chemical labeling mechanism with an electrical detection mechanism. Instead of using chemical reagents to label cells, the system measures electrical properties directly, substituting a chemical process with a physical one that avoids sample consumption and loss.
3Measurement precision
If traditional cell analysis methods are used, then comprehensive cell characterization is achieved, but portability and ease of operation are reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts the essential detection function from complex traditional systems and implements it in a simplified, portable format. By removing unnecessary complexity while retaining core characterization capabilities, the system becomes easier to operate and transport without sacrificing measurement precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the detection parameter from optical or magnetic properties to electrical properties, enabling miniaturization and portability. This parameter change allows the system to maintain comprehensive cell characterization capability while being implemented in a compact, portable device suitable for various operational environments.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method allows for efficient, cost-effective, and portable detection of particles and cells, including nanoscale particles like viruses, with improved precision and reduced sample loss, facilitating disease diagnosis and drug discovery.
Implementation Method 1
a detector configured to detect a change in current through the conduit
Data Source
Figure 1a~1b
Figure 2
Figure 3(a)~3(b)(iv)
AI summary
Devices for detecting a particle in a fluid sample are provided. The device includes a segmented microfluidic conduit configured to carry a flow of a fluid sample, where the conduit includes one or more nodes and two or more sections, and a node is positioned between adjacent sections of the conduit. The device also includes a detector configured to detect a change in current through the conduit. Also provided are methods of using the devices as well as systems and kits that include the devices. The devices, systems and methods find use in a variety of different applications, including diagnostic assays.