Segmented Neutron Detector with Removable Foils
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Solution Overview
Problem
In-core neutron detectors for nuclear reactors face challenges in simultaneously detecting neutrons, gamma radiation, and producing radioactive isotopes while withstanding extreme conditions, with existing designs suffering from low current output and slow response in neutron detection.
Innovation Solution
A device with a cylindrical detector housing divided into multiple cells, using removable foils with neutron-sensitive coatings for neutron detection and gamma detection, and permanent partitions for isotope production, supported by complex structures produced via Additive Manufacturing, allowing for flexible configuration and enhanced performance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a single detector design is used for neutron detection, then the detector structure is simple, but it cannot simultaneously detect gamma radiation and produce radioactive isotopes
Solution Approach 1:
The detector housing is divided into multiple separate cells (first cell, second cell, third cell) that can be independently configured. Each cell can contain different materials and configurations to perform different functions such as neutron detection, gamma detection, and radioisotope production, allowing the single detector to perform multiple functions simultaneously without requiring separate detector devices
Solution Approach 2:
The detector is designed as a universal platform where the same housing and measurement system can accommodate different configurations in each cell to perform multiple functions including neutron flux measurement, gamma radiation detection, and radioactive isotope production, eliminating the need for separate specialized detectors for each function
2Adaptability or versatility
If removable foils with neutron-sensitive coatings are used, then the detector can be adapted for different functions, but the manufacturing process becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The removable foils with neutron-sensitive coatings are prepared and pre-configured before being installed in the detector cells. This allows the detector to be manufactured with standardized components, and the functional adaptation is achieved by simply replacing the foils rather than redesigning the entire detector structure, thereby reducing manufacturing complexity while maintaining versatility
3Measurement precision
If multiple cells with different configurations are implemented, then simultaneous neutron and gamma detection is enabled, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The detector is segmented into multiple cells that can be independently configured with different materials and geometries optimized for specific detection functions. This segmentation allows each cell to be optimized for its particular purpose (neutron detection, gamma detection, or radioisotope production) while maintaining overall system manageability through modular design
Solution Approach 2:
Each cell within the detector housing can have different local configurations, materials, and geometries tailored to its specific function. For example, one cell may contain neutron-sensitive material while another contains gamma-sensitive material, allowing each region of the detector to have the optimal properties for its intended measurement task without compromising other cells
4Manufacturing precision
If Additive Manufacturing techniques are used for complex slot and rail structures, then the manufacturing precision is improved, but the production cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
Traditional mechanical manufacturing methods (such as machining, drilling, and assembling separate components) are replaced with Additive Manufacturing techniques to create the complex slot and rail structures. This substitution enables the direct fabrication of intricate geometries with high precision that would be difficult or expensive to achieve through conventional mechanical processes, although it may increase production cost for low-volume production
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables effective neutron detection, gamma radiation measurement, and radioisotope production in a single instrument, with improved sensitivity and dynamic range, capable of operating in extreme reactor environments.
Implementation Method 1
incorporate a material with a high cross-section for neutron capture, leading to subsequent beta or gamma decay
Implementation Method 2
By measuring the beta decay current following capture of neutrons, an electrical signal proportional to the neutron flux is obtained
Implementation Method 3
adjacent cells are dedicated for γ-radiation detection
Implementation Method 4
remaining cells for the production of radioactive isotopes
Implementation Method 5
Ionization in the form of electron-ion pairs production occurs
Data Source
AI summary
A device for detecting neutrons comprising a base, a lateral surface and a cover, thereby providing a detector housing having a central longitudinal axis, wherein the interior of the housing is divided into n (n≥2) cells wherein at least one of said cells is adapted to operate as neutron detection ion chamber by having at least one removable foil disposed parallel to said longitudinal axis, at least one removable foil positioned adjacent to, and essentially parallel with, a sector of the lateral surface, with said removable foils having neutron sensitive coating applied on at least one their faces, and an anode mounted in at least one cell bounded by said removable foils, with said housing constituting the cathode. The device is also useful for simultaneously detecting gamma irradiation and or producing radioisotopes.