Segmented Nozzle for Uniform Powder Distribution in Gas Streams

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing nozzles for dispensing pulverulent products into gas streams for acid pollutant capture in combustion processes face challenges in uniform distribution and high energy consumption, particularly in large ducts, leading to inefficiencies and maintenance issues.

Innovation Solution

A nozzle design comprising a cylindrical introduction part, a semi-cylindrical dispersion part with strategically placed orifices, and an optional holding part, which allows for effective distribution of powdery products along its entire length, reducing the need for multiple injection points and minimizing pressure drop.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If multiple spray nozzles are used to distribute pulverulent product across large duct sections, then distribution uniformity improves, but device complexity and instrumentation requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedistribution uniformityVSAvoidinstrumentation complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The nozzle is divided into multiple longitudinal sections, each equipped with its own dispersion elements (orifices or vanes). This segmentation allows each section to independently distribute powder locally, achieving overall uniform distribution across the entire duct section without requiring complex centralized control systems or multiple separate nozzles.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The invention transitions from a single-point injection approach to a distributed multi-section approach along the longitudinal dimension of the duct. By spacing multiple nozzle sections along the gas flow path, the system achieves comprehensive coverage of large duct sections without requiring complex lateral distribution mechanisms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Manufacturing precision

If static mixers are used for single-point powder injection, then distribution is achieved, but pressure drop increases and maintenance requirements increase due to deposits

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedistribution capabilityVSAvoidpressure drop
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The nozzle utilizes the kinetic energy and flow characteristics of the gas stream itself to distribute the pulverulent product. Gas flow through the dispersion elements (orifices or vanes) creates turbulence and mixing without requiring additional mechanical moving parts or high-pressure differentials, thereby minimizing pressure drop while achieving effective distribution.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #29Pneumatics and hydraulics

Solution Approach 2:

The nozzle design allows the gas stream to perform the mixing and distribution function that would otherwise require static mixers or mechanical agitators. The geometry of the dispersion elements leverages the existing gas flow to create turbulence and distribute powder, eliminating the need for additional energy-consuming components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Device complexity

If tube nozzles with orifices are used for powder distribution, then single-point injection is simplified, but distribution uniformity across large sections deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinjection simplicityVSAvoiddistribution uniformity
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The single tube nozzle is segmented into multiple longitudinal sections, with each section equipped with dispersion elements. This segmentation transforms a single distribution point into multiple distributed points along the duct, maintaining the simplicity of a single nozzle body while achieving uniform distribution across large sections through the coordinated action of spaced dispersion elements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The nozzle ensures homogeneous distribution of pulverulent products across the gas stream, enhancing capture efficiency while reducing energy consumption and maintenance concerns, suitable for large-scale combustion smoke purification processes.

Implementation Method 1

The pulverulent product to be dispersed in the sheath, carried by a vector fluid 101, is already suspended in this vector fluid by any means already known per se when it is admitted into the nozzle, at a speed of between 10 and 30 m/s

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSuspension: Suspension

Implementation Method 2

turbulences represented by T come to lick the flow introduced by the interior and thus lead to extract and to diffuse part of this one in the gas stream

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTurbulence: Turbulence

Implementation Method 3

part of the fumes passes through these orifices (arrow f on the figure 7) and interacts with the flow carrying the powders

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure gradient: Pressure Gradient

Data Source

PatentEP2292314B1Nozzle for the distribution of powdery products in a gas conduct ind its process of application
Publication Date: 2012.07.25 LAB SA (FR)
  • EP2292314B1 patent drawingFigure 1~3
  • EP2292314B1 patent drawingFigure 4~6
  • EP2292314B1 patent drawingFigure 7~8

AI summary

The nozzle (1) has a tubular introduction part (10) that is fixed in a wall of a circular sheath of a gaseous vein. A hollow cylinder dispersing part (20) is extended in an extension of the introduction part, where the dispersing part has a main generator that faces the gaseous vein. Height of the dispersing part ranges between 40 and 60 percent of exterior diameter (D) of the nozzle. The dispersing part has length (l2) greater than or equal to double of effective length (l1) of the introduction part. An independent claim is also included for a method for implementing a nozzle for distribution of powdered products.