Segmented Patch Antenna Layout for Wider Band and Higher Gain
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing antenna designs face challenges in achieving wide frequency bands and improved gain due to limitations in impedance matching and electrical resonance between energization and non-energization patch conductors.
Innovation Solution
The antenna element incorporates a non-energization patch conductor divided into multiple segments, with a smaller total area than the energization patch conductor, and adjusts the distance and width of these segments to enhance impedance matching and electrical resonance, thereby widening the frequency band and improving gain.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If the non-energization patch conductor is made with a larger area to improve gain, then the gain increases, but the frequency band becomes narrower and reflection increases
Solution Approach 1:
The non-energization patch conductor is divided into multiple segments (first segment, second segment, and optionally third and fourth segments) positioned at different locations. This segmentation allows each segment to contribute differently to the electrical resonance, enabling broader frequency band coverage while maintaining adequate gain through optimized segment areas and positions.
Solution Approach 2:
Different segments of the non-energization patch conductor are positioned at specific locations (along first/second sides or at corners) with different areas. This local differentiation allows each segment to resonate at different frequencies, collectively broadening the frequency band while the total area is controlled to prevent excessive reflection.
2Reliability
If the non-energization patch conductor area is increased to improve impedance matching, then impedance matching improves, but the frequency band width decreases
Solution Approach 1:
Dividing the non-energization patch conductor into multiple segments positioned at different locations provides distributed impedance matching across the frequency band. Each segment contributes to impedance matching at different frequencies, achieving broadband impedance matching without requiring a large total area that would narrow the frequency band.
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of improving impedance matching by increasing the two-dimensional area of the non-energization patch conductor, the invention uses the spatial dimension by positioning multiple segments at different locations (along sides or at corners). This dimensional approach achieves impedance matching through spatial distribution rather than area expansion, preserving frequency band width.
3Adaptability or versatility
If multiple non-energization patch conductors are added to widen the frequency band, then the frequency band widens, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The non-energization patch conductor is segmented into multiple parts (first segment, second segment, and optionally third and fourth segments) that are positioned at different locations. This segmentation achieves frequency band widening through spatial distribution of segments rather than adding completely separate conductor structures, thereby controlling device complexity while broadening the frequency band.
4Object-generated harmful factors
If the distance between non-energization patch conductor segments is increased to reduce reflection, then reflection decreases, but the gain reduces
Solution Approach 1:
Different segments are positioned at specific locations (along first/second sides or at corners) with optimized distances from each other. This local positioning optimizes the balance between reducing reflection (by maintaining adequate distances) and preserving gain (by keeping segments within effective radiating distance), achieving both objectives simultaneously through careful spatial arrangement.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution achieves a wider frequency band with reduced reflection and increased gain by optimizing the distance and configuration of the non-energization patch conductor segments, resulting in improved antenna performance.
Implementation Method 1
adjusts the distance and width of these segments to enhance impedance matching and electrical resonance, thereby widening the frequency band and improving gain
Implementation Method 2
adjusts the distance and width of these segments to enhance impedance matching and electrical resonance
Data Source
AI summary
An antenna element includes a ground conductor, an energization patch conductor positioned on an upper side relative to the ground conductor, and a non-energization patch conductor positioned on an upper side relative to the energization patch conductor. The energization patch conductor includes a first side and a second side extending along a resonance direction. The non-energization patch conductor includes a plurality of segments. The plurality of segments include a first segment positioned along the first side and a second segment positioned along the second side. In plan view, a total area of the non-energization patch conductor is smaller than an area of the energization patch conductor.