Segmented Elastic Peripheral Seal for Heat Exchanger Rotor

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing regenerative heat exchangers face challenges in achieving absolute sealing due to relative movement and thermal expansion, leading to inefficiencies and high maintenance costs with complex sealing systems and expensive, prone-to-failure solutions.

Innovation Solution

A segmentally elastic peripheral seal that rests on the rotor's circumferential jacket, adjustable via tangentially acting rods, allowing for better sealing and compensation of thermal expansion, eliminating the need for axial seals and automatic adjustment devices.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If complex sealing systems with automatic adjustment devices are used, then sealing efficiency is improved, but device complexity and maintenance costs increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesealing efficiencyVSAvoidcomplexity of sealing system
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The peripheral seal is designed to automatically adjust and compensate for rotor radial imbalances through its own elastic properties and geometric configuration, eliminating the need for external automatic adjustment devices. The seal structure itself performs the sealing function without requiring complex control systems or sensors.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The peripheral seal is divided into multiple circumferential segments that can independently deflect and adapt to rotor irregularities. This segmentation allows each segment to self-adjust to local conditions while maintaining overall sealing effectiveness, reducing the need for complex centralized control mechanisms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Ease of manufacture

If rigid peripheral seals are used, then manufacturing is simplified, but sealing effectiveness decreases due to inability to compensate for thermal expansion

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesimplicity of seal constructionVSAvoidsealing effectiveness
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The peripheral seal incorporates a flexible design where the sealing elements can deflect radially to follow rotor surface irregularities caused by thermal expansion. This flexibility is achieved through appropriate material selection and structural design that allows controlled deformation while maintaining sealing contact.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #30Flexible shells and thin films

Solution Approach 2:

The seal structure is designed to change its physical parameters (deflection, contact pressure) in response to thermal expansion of the rotor. The seal can adapt its geometry and mechanical properties to compensate for temperature-induced rotor dimensional changes, maintaining effective sealing across operating conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If axial seals are used on the rotor shell, then gas flow sealing is improved, but device complexity and maintenance requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegas flow sealingVSAvoidmaintenance requirements
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The invention removes the axial seals from the rotor shell configuration, eliminating a source of complexity and maintenance requirements. The sealing function is achieved through the peripheral seal design alone, simplifying the overall system while maintaining gas flow sealing effectiveness.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Significantly improves sealing efficiency by minimizing gaps and reducing the need for sealing gas, resulting in lower maintenance costs and improved heat transfer performance.

Implementation Method 1

the peripheral seal is designed to be segmentally elastic. This means that the circumferential seal is essentially not stiff or rigid over its circumferential length, at least in a radial direction

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElasticity: Elasticity

Implementation Method 2

compensate for a radial imbalance of the rotor, for example as a result of changing thermal expansion, by following the imbalance movement

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal expansion: Thermal Expansion

Implementation Method 3

The peripheral seals are arranged on the periphery of the rotor and are intended to prevent leakage volume flow into the housing or into the environment

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFriction: Friction

Implementation Method 4

The radial seals are arranged on the end faces of the rotor and are intended to prevent a short-circuit volume flow between the gas volume flows

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFriction: Friction

Data Source

PatentEP2177855B1Regenerative heat exchanger with innovative surrounding seal
Publication Date: 2011.03.23 BALCKE DURR GMBH
  • EP2177855B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2177855B1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP2177855B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

The heat exchanger has a rotor (1), which is mounted around a central rotation axis in rotating manner. A peripheral seal (7) is fixed in area of front side of the rotor, where seal is sealed from the outside at peripheral jacket (2) of the rotor. The peripheral seal is adjusted over multiple tangential applied bars (9). The bars define a peripheral section of the peripheral seal.