Segmented Reactor for Lactide Polymerization

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current lactide polymerization processes face issues with off-spec product generation during grade changes, prolonged transition times, Meso-lactide loss, and limited D content in polylactic acid (PLA) production, which affects efficiency and product quality.

Innovation Solution

The process involves feeding a first lactide feed into a first polymerization reactor section and a second lactide feed, comprising D and/or Meso-lactide, into a second polymerization reactor section after at most 95% of the total residence time, allowing for a higher D/Meso-lactide concentration, thereby reducing transition time and Meso-lactide loss.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If D-lactide and Meso-lactide are mixed at the beginning of the process to achieve target D content, then the final product D content specification is met, but production losses occur during grade changes and transition products are off-spec

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveD content specificationVSAvoidoff-spec product
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSLoss of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary action by pre-polymerizing L-lactide in the first reactor section to establish a base polymer chain before introducing D-lactide and Meso-lactide in the second reactor section. This staged approach allows the system to be primed with the correct polymer structure beforehand, so that when grade changes occur, only the second section needs to transition rather than the entire reaction system, significantly reducing off-spec product generation during transitions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent segments the polymerization process into two distinct reactor sections with different functions. The first reactor section handles L-lactide polymerization to build the primary polymer chain, while the second reactor section handles D-lactide and Meso-lactide incorporation to adjust stereochemistry. This segmentation allows independent control and transition of each section, reducing the volume of off-spec material during grade changes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Manufacturing precision

If the mixture of L-lactide, D-lactide and Meso-lactide is set at the beginning of the process, then the targeted D content is achieved, but significant time is required for the whole reaction section solution to be renewed during transitions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetargeted D contentVSAvoidfine-tuning time
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

By segmenting the polymerization into two reactor sections, the patent enables independent transition of the second section without affecting the first section. When D content adjustments are needed, only the second reactor section needs to be renewed, which takes significantly less time than renewing the entire reaction system. This maintains precise D content control while reducing transition time.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The first reactor section performs preliminary polymerization of L-lactide to establish a stable base polymer. This preliminary action creates a foundation that doesn't need to be renewed during D content adjustments, allowing only the second section to transition. This dramatically reduces the time required for fine-tuning D content specifications.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Ease of manufacture

If Meso-lactide is not incorporated into PLA product, then it can be recycled, but it represents a loss and the practical max D content for crystallised PLA pellets is limited to around 3.5%

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovecrystallisationVSAvoidMeso-lactide
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSLoss of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the parameter of D content from the conventional maximum of 3.5% to a higher range of 3.7-4.5% by utilizing the second reactor section to incorporate Meso-lactide after the first section has established the base polymer. This parameter change allows full utilization of Meso-lactide generated during lactide production without compromising crystallization properties, eliminating the need to recycle Meso-lactide and converting what was a loss into a valuable resource.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

4Loss of substance

If D content is increased to utilize Meso-lactide, then Meso-lactide loss is reduced, but the temperature melting point of PLA reduces

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveMeso-lactideVSAvoidmelting point
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of substanceVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The segmented reactor configuration allows the first section to produce high-melting-point PLLA base material while the second section adds controlled amounts of D-lactide and Meso-lactide. This segmentation enables optimization of each section's function: the first section maximizes melting point through pure L-lactide polymerization, while the second section utilizes Meso-lactide to reach 3.7-4.5% D content. The final product achieves both high melting point and full Meso-lactide utilization.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the D content parameter from the conventional 3.5% maximum to 3.7-4.5%, which allows complete utilization of Meso-lactide. Despite this increase, the segmented approach maintains high melting point by ensuring the majority of the polymer (from the first reactor section) consists of high-melting-point PLLA, while the second section's D-lactide and Meso-lactide additions are controlled to achieve the target range without excessive melting point depression.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration minimizes off-spec product generation, reduces transition time, and optimizes the use of Meso-lactide, enabling a wider range of PLA melting temperatures and improved production efficiency.

Implementation Method 1

this lactide is converted via ring opening polymerization into PLA

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRing-opening polymerization: Chemical Bonding

Data Source

PatentEP4139377B1Process for polymerising lactide into polylactic acid
Publication Date: 2024.05.08 TOTALENERGIES ONETECH BELGIUM
  • EP4139377B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4139377B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4

AI summary

The present invention relates to a process for polymerising lactide into polylactic acid. The present invention also relates to reactor configuration for polymerising lactide into polylactic acid.