Segmented Seal Ring Structure for High-Pressure Retraction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing seal apparatuses in oilfield applications face issues with extrusion gaps and stress/strain during deployment and use, leading to potential damage and compromised retraction of seal elements, especially under high differential pressures.
Innovation Solution
A segmented seal apparatus comprising a ring structure formed by multiple compliant, compressible, or resilient seal elements that slide along contact surfaces to move between expanded and collapsed conditions, minimizing stress and strain during deployment and use, with optional interlocking profiles and biasing means to maintain a solid seal surface.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If segmented anti-extrusion rings are used to support seal elements, then the seal structure provides support during deployment, but spaces are formed between segments creating extrusion gaps that compromise seal integrity
Solution Approach 1:
The support ring is divided into multiple segments that can move relative to each other. During deployment, segments shift to accommodate seal element expansion while maintaining continuous contact with the seal, preventing extrusion gaps without requiring a rigid monolithic structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The anti-extrusion ring transitions from a static structure to a dynamic one where segments can move radially and circumferentially. This dynamic adaptation allows the ring to maintain support function while eliminating extrusion gaps that would occur with fixed segmented designs.
2Reliability
If seal elements are compressed to expand radially outwardly during deployment, then the seal contacts the surrounding surface, but substantial stresses and strains are imposed on the seal element that may cause damage
Solution Approach 1:
The compliant segmented support ring is positioned to engage with the seal element before full expansion occurs. This provides gradual support and cushions the seal element during the expansion process, distributing stresses over time and preventing sudden peak loads that could cause damage.
Solution Approach 2:
The support ring segments change their mechanical properties during deployment, transitioning from a less compliant state during run-in to a more compliant state during expansion. This parameter change allows the ring to adapt its stiffness to protect the seal element while maintaining effective support.
3Reliability
If circumferentially lapped segments are used to avoid extrusion gaps, then the seal surface remains continuous, but the ring has uneven or stepped faces that are spatially inefficient and difficult to retract
Solution Approach 1:
Rather than using circumferentially lapped segments that create uneven faces, the invention uses radially segmented elements that maintain a smooth outer surface. The segments are arranged to provide continuous radial support without creating circumferential steps, simplifying the overall structure while maintaining seal integrity.
Solution Approach 2:
The support function is achieved through radial segmentation rather than circumferential lapping. By changing the dimension of segmentation from circumferential to radial, the design eliminates stepped faces while maintaining continuous seal support, improving spatial efficiency and retractability.
4Stress or pressure
If the seal element is subjected to high differential pressures during use, then the seal maintains pressure isolation, but extrusion gaps between segments allow failure of the packer or seal
Solution Approach 1:
The segmented support ring dynamically adjusts its configuration under differential pressure. Segments move to maintain continuous contact with the seal element, adapting to pressure-induced deformations and preventing extrusion gaps from forming even under high pressure differentials.
Solution Approach 2:
The mechanical properties and geometry of the support ring segments change in response to applied pressure. The segments deform and reposition to maintain optimal support contact, changing their effective stiffness and position to prevent extrusion under varying pressure conditions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution reduces extrusion gaps and minimizes stress/strain on seal elements during deployment, enhancing the seal's durability and retraction capability, particularly under high-pressure conditions, while maintaining a smooth, unbroken seal surface.
Implementation Method 1
The plurality of seal elements is operable to be moved between the expanded and collapsed conditions by sliding with respect to one another along respective contact surfaces
Implementation Method 2
each of the plurality of seal elements is each formed from a compliant, compressible or resilient material
Data Source
AI summary
A seal apparatus and method of use is described. The apparatus comprises a seal assembly comprising a plurality of seal elements assembled together to form a ring structure around a longitudinal axis. The ring structure is operable to be moved between an expanded condition and a collapsed condition by movement of the plurality of seal elements. The plurality of seal elements is operable to be moved between the expanded and collapsed conditions by sliding with respect to one another along respective contact surfaces. Each of the plurality of seal elements is each formed from a compliant, compressible or resilient material.